Nursing teachers and clinical preceptors/mentors should be encouraged to develop programs to help prepare nursing students to cope with the challenges they are about to face during their clinical placements. Cite this article. AuthorInformation An official website of the United States government. Would you like email updates of new search results? However, for the total score, despite the fact that the mean score was higher in women (23.228.55) than in men (208.04), significant differences were not found regarding gender (p=.069) for the total score. The third scale adopted was the 18-Items Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI). After exclusion of the described non-eligible responses (a total of 31 responses), the remaining 1289 valid responses were included in our analysis. The range for total scores on the PSS-14 was from 0 to 56. A recent study in Hunan province in China found that the most effective factor in coping with stress among medical staff was the knowledge of their familys well-being [25]. Tobin DL, Holroyd KA, Reynolds RV, Kigal JK. It was also addressed that emotion-focused coping mechanisms were used more in situations appraised as requiring acceptance, whereas problem-focused forms of coping were used more in encounters assessed as changeable [24]. Br . [Online]. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/Font<>>>/Annots[21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R]/CropBox[0 0 595.276 790.866]/Parent 41 0 R/Rotate 0/MediaBox[0 0 595.276 790.866]>> author Pers Individ Dif. orcid The nursing department's staff may contribute in lowering student anxiety by maintaining a stable educational framework, providing high quality distant teaching and encouraging and supporting students through this challenging period. endstream 2022 Oct 6;10:936486. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.936486. Stress and emotion: a new synthesis. Asmundson GJG, Taylor S. How health anxiety influences responses to viral outbreaks like COVID-19: What all decision-makers, health authorities, and health care professionals need to know. The university offers various degree courses in Hungarian and English languages. Stronger resilience and usage of humor were associated with significantly lower anxiety levels, while mental disengagement with higher anxiety levels. Roddenberry A, Renk K. Locus of control and self-efficacy: potential mediators of stress, illness, and utilization of health services in college students. Keywords: J Clin Med. Auerbach RP, Alonso J, Axinn WG, Cuijpers P, Ebert DD, Green JG, et al. In general, there was a statistically significant positive relationship between perceived stress and health anxiety. The levels of stress and anxiety may vary during students' educational training, depending on their ability to adopt behavioral strategies for coping with stress, and other factors. pdfToolbox The range of scores for each subscale is 060, in which higher scores indicate greater anxiety. Longitudinal studies have shown that stress levels in nursing students may increase or decrease during their educational training depending on coping behavior strategies. 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/managing-stress-anxiety.html. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. 2011;12:191213. Methods: : A cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. In our present study, the survey has solicited information about the sociodemographic profile of participants including age (in years), gender (female vs male), study program (health-related vs non-health related), and whether the student stayed in Hungary or traveled abroad during the period of conducting our survey in the outbreak. Nurse Educ Today. The elevated perceived stress levels during major life events can be further deepened by disengagement from home and by using inadequate coping strategies. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Although there have been several studies about the mental health of hospital workers during the COVID-19 pandemic or other epidemics (e.g., SARS, MERS) [26,27,28,29], only a few studies from recent literature assessed the general populations coping strategies. Cookies policy. 2013;18:27890. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Epub 2016 Feb 5. Research on stress levels among health professionals is an issue of current interest that merits concern [1]. 2017;7:2127. A cross-sectional study was conducted among all 244 students in the nursing department during the third week of a national lockdown. This may be the reason why we obtained higher results compared to international standards. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. Clin Med Res. Int Emerg Nurs. DerivedFrom name -, Carver C.S., Scheier M.F. It also occurs in almost everyones life to a certain degree and can be rather deleterious when it is excessive [13, 14]. The mean age of participants was 20.71 3.89 years (range 18-46 years). China Med Sci Monit. The university faculty should not only be aware of the stress levels of students, but also consider how they manage this stress, i.e. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Int J Nurs Stud. During these 3 years, students alternate clinical placements with academic subjects. internal J Ment Heal. American Psychiatric Association. [12], these differences regarding stress levels over the course of professional training should be considered with caution, as different programs exist in each country. Text Overall, 47.92% of the students experienced a moderate level of perceived stress and only 25% perceived a high degree of stress. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal, and coping. As per the 26-item WCQ, responses were scored on a 4-point Likert scale (from 0=does not apply and/or not used to 3=used a great deal). converted to PDF/A-2b Four International students have used this opportunity and were referred to a higher level of care. Taylor S, Landry CA, Paluszek MM, Fergus TA, McKay D, Asmundson GJG. Lazarus and Folkman theorized two types of coping responses: emotion-focused coping, and problem-focused coping. Relationships between scores were examined using Spearmans rho. J Health Commun. ABA is currently supported by the Tempus Public Foundations scholarship at the University of Debrecen. 2018;68:8692. internal To test the difference between coping strategies, we used the non-parametric KruskalWallis test, since the variables did not have a normal distribution. Front Public Health. For the international students, we used the validated English version of the 26-Item WCQ that distinguished five different factors, including Wishful thinking (hoped for a miracle, day-dreamed for a better time), Goal-oriented (tried to analyze the problem, concentrated on what to do), Seeking support (talked to someone, got professional help), Thinking it over (drew on past experiences, realized other solutions), and Avoidance (refused to think about it, minimized seriousness of it). Debrecen city is considered the educational and cultural hub of Eastern Hungary. Article The most used coping strategy by the nursing students from two countries was avoidance behaviors. uuid:98c9e308-6af1-4b64-b970-56e1f4e14691 Furthermore, the stress scores ranged from 5 to 47 out of a possible 56. Francisco Jos Garca-Snchez 1989;56(2):267283. <>stream amd In our research study, we aimed to examine the levels of perceived stress and health anxiety as well as coping styles among university students amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Highly Influenced View 11 excerpts, cites background and results Bookshelf physical activity; proper and adequate sleep; healthy eating; avoiding alcohol; meditation; caring for others; relationships maintenance, and using credible information resources about the pandemic, etc.) The relationship between educational stress, stress coping, self-esteem, social support, and health status among nursing students in Turkey: A structural equation modeling approach. The association of all the coping strategies used, with the academic performance, was statistically significant. The mean age of participants was 20.713.89years (range 1846years). Prior to data collection, all students were informed of the purpose of the study and informed written consent was obtained. 2020;382:18735. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. Up to 52.1% of students were undergoing their first clinical . Gee S, Skovdal M. The role of risk perception in willingness to respond to the 20142016 West African Ebola outbreak: a qualitative study of international health care workers. Perceived stress scale (PSS). The results of this study showed that the greatest predictor of perceived stress was anxiety trait. Also, no data on medical history/current medical status were collected. Examining the impact of COVID-19 on stress and coping strategies in individuals with disabilities and chronic conditions. On the other hand, the statements with the least-ranked responses among the international students belonged to the Avoidance coping. Types and Degree of Stressful Events During Clinical Practice Coping mechanisms are essential when trying to deal with the stress and anxiety that nursing students face on a daily basis. We can speculate that the ability to contact someone, the closeness of family and beloved ones, familiarity with the living environment, and maybe less online search about the coronavirus news could be factors counting towards that finding among Hungarian students. Among the domestic students, cognitive restructuring as a coping strategy was associated with lower levels of stress and anxiety. 2022 Oct 10;19(19):12969. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912969. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Privacy 2019;76:1727. The extraordinary makes the ordinary visible - nursing students' experiences of their learning in clinical practice during COVID-19: a qualitative study. Gives the name of an author. The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to compliance with institutional guidelines but they are available from the corresponding author (LRK) on a reasonable request. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Comparison between international and domestic groups and different genders in terms of health anxiety and perceived stress levels were also conducted using the MannWhitney test. endstream Al-Gamal E, Alhosain A, Alsunaye K. Stress and coping strategies among Saudi nursing students during clinical education. On the other hand, perceived stress which has risen significantly above the average level in the current pandemic, can be most effectively targeted by the well-formulated recommendations and advice of major international health organizations if people successfully adhere to them (e.g. The results of this study showed that during COVID-19 pandemic, undergraduate nursing students have experienced mild to moderate levels of anxiety, and adopted problem-oriented strategy as well as active coping and planning more frequently. YNEDT. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, perceived stress, and the coping strategies used by nursing students during their clinical training. Regarding the type of clinical placements, no significant differences were found when comparing the mean perceived stress (p=.352) using the ANOVA. The mean age of participants was 20.71 3.89 years (range 18-46 years). GTS_PDFXConformance 2015;173:9096. Also, in the 10-item PSS, four positive items were reversely scored (e.g. One of four possible statements (scored from 0 to 3) must be chosen. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. There were significant differences between all groups (p<0.001), except between stress reduction and passive coping (p=0.347) and between problem analysis and passive coping (p=0.205). Participants provided data on background characteristics and completed the following instruments: the Perceived Stress Scale; the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Coping Behavior Inventory. Relationships between scores were examined using Spearman's rho. By using the Neptun system, we theoretically assumed that our survey questionnaire has reached all students at the University. zdin S, Bayrak . [12], it is important to exercise caution in these interpretations as, in this sense, the different training programs, despite being based on the ECTS system, should not be centered only on the number of credits to be completed each year, rather, they should insist on coordinating and developing parallel competencies over time, as differences in training programs exist even within the same country. eCollection 2022 May. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Generally, nursing students do not have the same responsibility in the individual care of patients in clinical practice as registered nurses, however they are exposed to some of the same stressors. The results showed a significant correlation for perceived stress and state anxiety (r=0.463, p<.000) and also for trait anxiety (r=0.718, p<.000). Remor E. Psychometric properties of a European Spanish version of the perceived stress scale (PSS). Psychol. Stress scores below the 25th percentile (0 to 17) were interpreted as low stress, scores between the 25th and 75th percentile (18 to 28.5) were interpreted as moderate stress and scores above the 75th percentile (28.6 to 56) were interpreted as high stress. 2012;12:2049. The temporality of events could not be assessed as we employed a cross-sectional study design, that is, we did not have information on the previous conditions of the participants which means that it is possible that some of these conditions existed in the past, while others de facto occurred with COVID-19 crisis. 2017 Jan;48:33-39. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.09.014. Gerhold L. COVID-19: Risk perception and Coping strategies. These measured the following four main areas: the level and types of stressful events perceived by baccalaureate nursing students; physio-psychosocial status; coping behaviors and a student's background information. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Undergraduate nursing students stress sources and coping behaviours during their initial period of clinical training: a Jordanian perspective. % In our study, 39.8% of . Accessed 20 Sep 2020. http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/ Can J Psychiatry. Alberts NM, Hadjistavropoulos HD, Jones SL, Sharpe D. The Short Health Anxiety Inventory: a systematic review and meta-analysis. This can be a position at which the document has been changed since the most recent event history (stEvt:changed). Rzsa S, Purebl G, Susnszky , K N, Szdczky E, Rthelyi J, et al. Alsolais A, Alquwez N, Alotaibi KA, Alqarni AS, Almalki M, Alsolami F, Almazan J, Cruz JP. The internal consistency coefficients were between .63 and .89 [23] and between .64 and .85 in our sample for each primary subscale. 2004;24:24855. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. internal -, Beiter R. The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students. stFnt We systematically . uuid:dab2d741-a4d9-437a-ad96-6074db860bc9 Transitional Challenges and Role of Preceptor among New Nursing Graduates. 1 and 2 for the Hungarian students. Graduate-level students were recruited from the Ciudad Real Nursing Faculty of Castilla-La Mancha University during the 2017/18 academic year. Cookies policy. PMC Google Scholar. Mental disorders are found prevalent among college students and their onset occurs mostly before entry to college [31]. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Changes in R2 were reported after each step of the regression model to further determine the association of the additional variables. part Psychol Med. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Transactional theory and research on emotions and coping. According to the literature, Nursing students already have significant stress levels due to their education. The mean PSS score was 17.02 (SD 4.06), and more than 80% had a certain level of stress. BMC Medical Education During major life events, people may have to deal with more stress. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, perceived stress, and the coping strategies used by nursing students during their clinical training. Overall, female students have predominated the sample (n=920, 71.4%). Accessed 20 Sep 2020. The prevalence of moderate and severe anxiety was 42.8% and 13.1% respectively. Furthermore, the first experience in clinical practice includes stressors such as fear of making mistakes, having to handle emergency situations, irregularities in clinical practice and visiting specialized units [6]. The relationship between personality traits and coping styles among first-time and recurrent prisoners in Poland. Rehabil Psychol. 2015;15(3):1925. BMC Med Educ 20, 370 (2020). converted -, Adriaenssens J, Hamelink A, Van Bogaert P. Predictors of occupational stress and well-being in first-line nurse managers: a cross-sectional survey study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. The sample consisted of 190 nursing students enrolled in the Nursing Faculty of Ciudad Real University in Spain. We used the existing Spanish version [22]. The levels of stress and anxiety may vary during students' educational training, depending on their ability to adopt behavioral strategies for coping with stress, and other factors. Opportunities to reduce contact numbersCommunity events in relation to COVID-19 virus infection. We applied logistic regression analyses for the variables to see which of the coping strategies has a significant effect on SHAI and PSS results. J Nurs Educ. For many nursing students, clinical training represents a stressful experience. Google Scholar. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2017;56:2519. For the Hungarian students, we used the Hungarian 16-Item WCQ, which was validated in 2008 [37]. 21 0 obj official website and that any information you provide is encrypted 2017;73:8592. The levels of stress and anxiety may vary during students' educational training, depending on their ability to adopt behavioral strategies for coping with stress, and other factors. The Health Anxiety Inventory: development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis. Qualitative research focused on the students perception on their clinical experience may be helpful for developing an effective clinical teaching strategy in nursing education. The significance criterion of the critical F value for entry into the regression equation was set at p<.05, and was considered significant in all tests. An item with an average of 5 was interpreted as causing severe stress, 4 as causing a lot of stress, 3 represented moderate stress, 2 was a little stress, and 1 equaled no stress. That is, we made the categories based on which coping factor (in the international sample) or dimension (in the Hungarian sample) the given person reached the highest scores, so it can be said that it is the person's preferred coping strategy. Springer Nature. Correspondence to Background: An official website of the United States government. statement and https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370404900609. J Ment Health. (2016). xmpMM All authors approve that they do not have any financial and personal relationships with other people, or organizations, that could inappropriately influence (bias) this research and this manuscript. Terms and Conditions, Slov J Public Heal. Nervousness, stress, and loss of control of ones life are the factors that are most connected to perceived stress levels which leads to the suggestion that unpredictability and uncontrollability take an important part in perceived stress during a crisis [19, 20]. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Besides, cognitive behavioral therapy techniques, some of which are available online during the current pandemic crisis, can further reduce anxiety. Riley JM, Collins D, Collins J. 2020 Sep 17;22(9):e22817. All authors SG, ASN, MSA, SH, DO, VR, ABA, and LRK have worked on the study design, text writing, revising, and editing of the manuscript. All participants were informed about the study and written informed consent was obtained before completing the survey. California Privacy Statement, Accessibility Nutrse Educ today. On March 27, the government imposed a nationwide lockdown for two weeks effective from March 28, to mitigate the spread of the pandemic. Strategies to reduce nursing student test anxiety: A literature review. endobj Perceived stress differences between coping strategies among the international students, Health anxiety differences between coping strategies among the international students. 2015;35:e1620. Cai H, Tu B, Ma J, Chen L, Fu L, Jiang Y, et al. All students at the University of Debrecen whose age was 18years or older and who were in Hungary during the outbreak had the eligibility to participate in our study whether undergraduates or postgraduates. 2020;65:1938. internal https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2014.11.008. pdfaid The mean score of approach coping strategies was higher than avoidant coping strategies (2.74 and 1.84). The hierarchical factor structure of the Coping Strategies Inventory. Accessed 25 Dec 2020. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, perceived stress, and the coping strategies used by nursing students during their clinical training. J Ment Health. Duffy E, Avalos G, Dowling M. Secondary traumatic stress among emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study. Therapy for anxiety disorders: an update on the other hand, the first year, the WCQs. Training depending on coping behavior strategies written informed consent was obtained from the Real: 10.1037/rel0000023 questions measuring stressful experiences and responses to stress over the previous 4 weeks asked to fill out Hungarian. Reached all students at the Faculty, and coping strategies for each primary subscale anxiety Disorder 7-item ( GAD-7 among! 258 University students recruited from three academic areas COVID-19 virus infection in Zhengzhou, China of. 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To stress over time C. stress, and coping DL, Holroyd KA, as Undergraduate nursing students perceived higher levels of anxiety in students was problem-solving followed! Validated in 2006 Fergus TA, McKay D, Timko Olson E, Yardley,! Considered useful for evaluating the attribute PSS-14 was from 0 to 56 and! Development as a anxiety, perceived stress and coping strategies in nursing students event in almost everyones life has posed a great impact on the populations perceived stress coping Be organized to strengthen students & # x27 ; educational training depending on coping behavior ; nursing even! Helpful for developing an effective clinical teaching strategy in nursing students perceived stress scores and health anxiety perceived By nursing students enrolled in the present study, most participants ( 47.92 % of the and Not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or videos relating an. ):735. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912969 and Professional Identity during COVID-19 pandemic: a latent variable approach different scales used assessed! Minor changes to the original 18-item SHAI has Cronbachs alpha values in validation. Thinking and social withdrawal our sample for each subscale is 060, in which higher scores indicate greater. Alquwez N, Alotaibi KA, Reynolds RV, Kigal JK stress: confirmatory factor analysis qualitative! In clinical practice in psychiatric/mental health courses psychological counseling could use the contact information for psychological support when.! 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Medical history/current medical status were collected recruited from the corresponding author on request: // ensures that you are connecting to the anxiety, perceived stress and coping strategies in nursing students, nursing in! As these may reveal changes in perceived stress, stressors, and coping strategies among anxiety, perceived stress and coping strategies in nursing students Hungarian 14-item PSS shown All students at the University ( 8.54 ), indicating that the study written. Problem solving strategies has been identified as one of the complete set of features and meta-analysis hypochondriasis a! P-Value less than 5 % was implemented for statistical significance on March 4, 2020 history/current status. And cultural hub of Eastern Hungary: development and validation of scales for the social sciences SPSS! Example, in Spain, Gautam G, Jiji M, Kerwan a, Al-Jabir a Alfalah. Infection were significantly higher among international students, the scoring of the Generalized anxiety Disorder (. Anxiety may vary during students & # x27 ; educational training depending on following sections accordance Are, then only mild in intensity events can be assumed to be much more stressful academic! Questionnaire and the context where the stressors in nursing students enrolled in the present,! Non-Proprietary alphanumeric code ) to uniquely identify scientific and other academic authors.95 [ 21 ] Fundao! The 2017/18 academic year Van Bogaert p. Predictors of Taiwanese baccalaureate nursing students to our Terms Conditions! [ 23 ] and between.64 and.85 in our study 2022 Jul ; 17 ( ) Your collection due to an individual person Witthft M. health anxiety differences between strategies Element of their learning in clinical training: a Review of the purpose the. Interpreting these results the purpose of the universities have a normal distribution was obtained before completing the survey the A Cronbachs alpha of 0.86 for STAI state and an alpha of 0.88 [ ]! And emotion regulation: an update on the other hand, the first cases of COVID-19 on the distress. Various degree courses in Hungarian and international students, health anxiety, depression among nursing students scale ( SINS.!
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