The Iraqi Football Association is the governing body of football in Iraq, controlling the Iraq national football team and the Iraqi Premier League. [24] Iraq is comprised largely of most of ancient Mesopotamia, the native land of the indigenous Sumerian, Akkadian, Assyrian and civilizations, which was conquered, invaded and ruled by foreigners for centuries after the fall of the indigenous Mesopotamian empires. The best known among them are the KDP, the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), and two Shii religious parties: the Islamic Dawah Party and the Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (known since 2007 as the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq). [35] Iraq remained an important centre of civilization for millennia, up until the Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and subsequently Abbasid Caliphate (of which Baghdad was the capital), which was the most advanced empire of the medieval world (see Islamic Golden Age). [311] For example, UNICEF found that areas with conflict like Saladin had more than 90% of school-age children not in the education system. [14] Mesopotamia was a "Cradle of Civilisation" that saw the independent development of a writing system, mathematics, timekeeping, a calendar, astrology, and a law code. [173] Shia cleric Muqtada al-Sadr's political coalition won Iraq's parliamentary election in May 2018.[174]. It was founded in 1948, and has been a member of FIFA since 1950 and the Asian Football Confederation since 1971. [15][16] Iraq is home diverse ethnic groups and has a very long and rich heritage and have contributed to the culture differently. The Proto-Neolithic Cemetery in Shanidar Cave. [311] While the out-of-school rate for girls is at about 11%, boys are at less than half of that. [citation needed], The Sassanids of Persia under Ardashir I destroyed the Parthian Empire and conquered the region in 224 AD. Other historians point to soil salination as the culprit in the decline in agriculture. Brenden Varma, a UN Public Information Officer based in New York, recently returned from a two-month mission in Iraq, where he helped to promote participation in national elections. The culture of Iraq or Mesopotamia is one of the world's oldest cultural histories and is considered one of the most influential cultures in the world. However, these East Semitic Akkadian kings, were unable to prevent new waves of West Semitic migrants entering southern Iraq, and during the 11th century BC Arameans and Suteans entered Babylonia from The Levant, and these were followed in the late 10th to early 9th century BC by the Chaldeans who were West Semitic migrants to the southeastern corner of the region. [225] Turkey's "Great Anatolia Project" reduced Iraq's water supply and affected agriculture. [2] However, the International Crisis Group points out that figures from the 1987 census, as well as the 1967, 1977, and 1997 censuses, "are all considered highly problematic, due to suspicions of regime manipulation" because Iraqi citizens were only allowed to indicate belonging to either the Arab or Kurdish ethnic groups;[274] consequently, this skewed the number of other ethnic minorities, such as Iraq's third largest ethnic group the Turkmens. 1-9. The US government welcomed this as "another major step forward" in uniting Iraq. Three days later, amid rising tensions between the United States and Iran, the U.S. launched a drone strike on a convoy traveling near Baghdad International Airport, killing Qasem Soleimani, Iranian major-general and Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and Quds Force commander, the second most powerful person of Iran;[177] Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, deputy commander of Iraq's Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF or PMU), four senior Iranian officers; and four Iraqi officers. By Andrew Soergel Basketball, swimming, weightlifting, bodybuilding, boxing, kick boxing and tennis are also popular sports. Why do you get faster connection at work than home? [312] However, in 2017, there were efforts being made to open up 47 schools that had previously been closed. At its height, the Middle Assyrian Empire stretched from The Caucasus to Dilmun (modern Bahrain), and from the Mediterranean coasts of Phoenicia to the Zagros Mountains of Iran. Since the airstrikes started, ISIL has been losing ground in both Iraq and Syria. In fall 2003, self-entitled 'jihadist' groups began targeting coalition forces. Babylon has seen major recent restoration; known for its famous Ziggurat (the inspiration for the Biblical Tower of Babel), the Hanging Gardens (one of the Seven Wonders of the World), and the Ishtar Gate, making it a prime destination. Institutions offering cultural education in Baghdad include the Academy of Music, Institute of Fine Arts and the Music and Ballet school Baghdad. Iraq's culture has a deep heritage that extends back in time to ancient Mesopotamian culture. Rainfall during the summer is rare, except in northern parts of the country. The Mahdi army would kidnap Sunni civilians as part of a genocide that occurred against them. The Iraqi people are a Caucasian people. [210], In 2004, the CPA chief executive L. Paul Bremer said he would veto any constitutional draft stating that sharia is the principal basis of law. [51], Other religious groups include Mandaeans, Shabaks, Yazidis and followers of other minority religions. Geographical facts about Iraq. The state-run KUNA news agency also encouraged those hoping to travel to Iraq to delay their plans. Notably poets include Jawahiri, Safa Khulusi and Dunya Mikhail. [311] While the rate for dropouts for boys was around 16.5%, girls were at 20.1% where it could be due to economic or family reasons. There are also lots of mixed race Arabs and black Arabs that live in Iraq. They also deal with religious teachings, moral advice, astrology, legislation, and history. "Appendix C. Alphabetic Texts." [65] Nebuchadnezzar II succeeded Nabopolassar in 605 BC following the death of his father. Many of Iraq's bird species were endangered, including seven of Iraq's mammal species and 12 of its bird species. Some historians believe that the Mongol invasion destroyed much of the irrigation infrastructure that had sustained Mesopotamia for millennia. Iraqi Arab Christians belong to the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch and the Melkite Greek Catholic Church of Antioch, and Iraqi-Armenians belong to the Armenian Orthodox Church and Armenian Catholic Church. Stages are: pre-invasion preparation, and the war and the actual choice of targets, the first post-war period, and a growing insurgency and hand over power to the Iraqi Interim Government (IIG) and Prime Minister Iyad Allawi. Specific criteria are in development to address the unique nature of Iraqi accession. [146] In 2014, Sunni insurgents belonging to the Islamic State terrorist group seized control of large swathes of land including several major Iraqi cities, like Tikrit, Fallujah and Mosul creating hundreds of thousands of internally displaced persons amid reports of atrocities by ISIL fighters.[147]. The literature during this time were mainly about mythical and epic texts dealing with creation issues, the emergence of the world, the gods, descriptions of the heavens, and the lives of heroes in the wars that broke out between the nomads and the urbanites. This was followed by Khalid ibn al-Walid's successful campaign which saw all of Iraq come under Arab rule within a year, with the exception of the Persian Empire's capital, Ctesiphon. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run south through Iraq and into the Shatt al-Arab, thence the Persian Gulf. [198] The Kurdistan List is dominated by two parties, the Kurdistan Democratic Party led by Masood Barzani and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan headed by Jalal Talabani. A variety of issues (e.g., general planning, education, and health care) are shared competencies, and other issues are treated at the discretion of the district and regional constituencies. The 2021 estimate of the total Iraqi population is 43,533,592. What are Iraq people called?. [75] The best estimate for the Middle East is a death rate of roughly one-third. Following months of cross-border raids between the two countries, Saddam declared war on Iran in September 1980, initiating the IranIraq War (or First Persian Gulf War). Baghdad was the largest multicultural city of the Middle Ages, peaking at a population of more than a million,[70] and was the centre of learning during the Islamic Golden Age. [311] There is still a gap between boys and girls in terms of educational opportunities. The Kassites were driven from power by Assyria and Elam, allowing native south Mesopotamian kings to rule Babylonia for the first time, although often subject to Assyrian or Elamite rulers. Further information on Iraq's civilization and cultural history can be found in the following chronology of Iraqi history: One study found that Haplogroup J-M172 originated in northern Iraq. Moreover, the government was a caretaker government, which means that its mission is to run the day-to-day affairs of the country and not to take decisions to cancel the security agreement with the United States of America or any counterparts. Before 2003, Iraq was mostly equipped with Soviet-made military equipment, but since then the country has turned to Western suppliers. Iraq set to 'execute' citizens who communicate with Israel Barbaric new legislation expected to become law, advocating death to anyone contacting Israel or Israelis, as senior Iraqi delegates arrive in London for trade talks. [33], The Arabic pronunciation is [irq]. [citation needed], In 1958, a coup d'tat known as the 14 July Revolution was led by the Brigadier General and nationalist Abd al-Karim Qasim. In ancient and medieval times Mesopotamia was the political and cultural centre of many great empires and civilizations, such as the Akkadian Empire, Assyria, Assyrian Empire and Babylon Empire. pic . [204], Since the establishment of the nofly zones following the Gulf War of 19901991, the Kurds established their own autonomous region. The effects of the sanctions on the civilian population of Iraq have been disputed. However, the Sumerians remained generally dominant until the rise of the Akkadian Empire (23352124 BC), based in the city of Akkad in central Iraq. [286][287][288][289][290][291], There are also small ethno-religious minority populations of Mandaeans, Shabaks, Yarsan and Yezidis remaining. Edwards, Owen (March 2010). 14Prejudice in Iraq: Shites, Sunni, and Kurds. Iraq is a Middle Eastern country, officially called the Republic of Iraq. [27], An Arabic folk etymology for the name is "deeply rooted, well-watered; fertile". You are wondering about the question what are people from iraq called but currently there is no answer, so let kienthuctudonghoa.com summarize and list the top articles with the question. 181-182. [239] Iraq is considered to be a potential location for ecotourism. In what some are calling a gaffe and an epic 'Freudian slip,' former Pre. The rulers during the occupation and the remainder of the Hashemite monarchy were Nuri as-Said, the autocratic Prime Minister, who also ruled from 1930 to 1932, and 'Abd al-Ilah, the former Regent who now served as an adviser to King Faisal II. There is also a significant population of Armenian Christians in Iraq who had fled Turkey during the Armenian genocide. The judiciary is free and independent of the executive and the legislature. Traditional Iraqi clothing is made up of many loose, lightweight fabrics that are designed to keep the wearer cool in the desert heat. In the rest of Iraq, however, isolation and the UN embargo further consolidated power in the hands of the government. After the First World War, the Ottoman Empire was divided up and the British Mandate of Mesopotamia was established by the League of Nations, later to be called Iraq. [1], The National Alliance is the main Shia parliamentary bloc, and was established as a result of a merger of Prime Minister Nouri Maliki's State of Law Coalition and the Iraqi National Alliance. [128], During 2006, fighting continued and reached its highest levels of violence, more war crimes scandals were made public, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi the leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq was killed by US forces and Iraq's former dictator Saddam Hussein was sentenced to death for crimes against humanity and hanged. The live theatre scene received a boost during the 1990s when UN sanctions limited the import of foreign films. But it did create the political atmosphere needed to . Ur, one of the first Sumerian cities, which is near Nasiriyya, has been partially restored. The marshes are home to millions of birds and the stopover for millions of migratory birds, including flamingo, pelican and heron. [38] Modern genetic studies indicate that Iraqi Arabs and Iraqi assyrians are distantly related, though Iraqi Mesopotamian Arabs are more related to Iraqi-Assyrians than they are to Iraqi Kurds. The Council of Representatives does not have a set number of seats but is based on a formula of one representative for every 100,000 citizens. [311], At the same time, UNICEF investigated portions of spending for education and found that some of the money has gone to waste. [311] For repetition rates, percentages have almost reached 17% among all students. In McGuire Gibson. This was specifically shortly after the designated leader Adnan al-Zurfi withdrew, lacking enough support to assemble a government. Other statistics show that regional differences can attribute to lower or higher enrollment rates for children in primary education. The failures of Iraqi democratization as advocated by the Bush administration should not be blamed primarily on the Iraqis. [148] After six days of combat and massive desertions, Iraqi soldiers received orders to retreat. . However, his empire was short-lived, and rapidly collapsed after his death, with both Assyria and southern Iraq, in the form of the Sealand Dynasty, falling back into native Akkadian hands. The Iraqi government signed the USIraq Status of Forces Agreement, which required US forces to withdraw from Iraqi cities by 30 June 2009 and to withdraw completely from Iraq by 31 December 2011. [311] As a result, the country now ranks at the bottom of Middle East countries in terms of education. [328][329] The respect and adoration for Pasha were unusual at the time since public performance by women was considered shameful, and most female singers were recruited from brothels. [112] During the uprisings the US, UK, France and Turkey, claiming authority under UNSCR 688, established the Iraqi no-fly zones to protect Kurdish population from attacks by the Saddam regime's fixed-wing aircraft (but not helicopters). [303], After the start of the Syrian Civil War in 2011, numerous Iraqis in Syria returned to their native country. [97][pageneeded] The war, which ended in stalemate in 1988, had cost the lives of between half a million and 1.5 million people. The Chaldeans and Chaldea disappeared at around this time, though both Assyria and Babylonia endured and thrived under Achaemenid rule (see Achaemenid Assyria). [37] Likewise, British authorities selected Sunni Arab elites from the region for appointments to government and ministry offices. What is the mood and tone for the tale of tonyo the brave? [28], During the medieval period, there was a region called Irq Arab ("Arabian Iraq") for Lower Mesopotamia and Irq Ajam ("Persian Iraq"),[29] for the region now situated in Central and Western Iran. The Australian contingent mentors the Iraqi School of Infantry, where the Iraqi Security Forces are trained. [311] The rates among internally displaced children continue to remain higher in Iraq Centre than other areas such as the KRI. An estimated 500,000 civilians fled from the city. The political structures established by the Neo-Assyrian Empire became the model for the later empires that succeeded it and the ideology of universal rule promulgated by the Neo-Assyrian kings inspired, through the concept of translatio imperii, similar ideas of rights to world domination in later empires as late as the early modern period. [301][302] According to official United States Citizenship and Immigration Services statistics, 58,811 Iraqis had been granted refugee-status citizenship as of 25May2011[update]. The resolution specifically calls for ending of a 2014 agreement allowing Washington to help Iraq against Islamic State groups by sending troops. Continue Reading 2 Nick Malik The works were primarily scientific, philosophical, social commentary or humorous entertainments. [28][29] The population was estimated to be 39,650,145 in 2021 (residing in Iraq),[47] with most of the population being Shia (15 million), Sunni (9 million), followed by Kurds (8 million), Turkmen (3 million), Assyrians and Armenians (500,000), Yazidis (500,000), Marsh Arabs, and Shabaks, Persians (500,000) (250,000). [249][250], According to a US Study from May 2007, between 100,000 barrels per day (16,000m3/d) and 300,000 barrels per day (48,000m3/d) of Iraq's declared oil production over the past four years could have been siphoned off through corruption or smuggling. The main languages spoken in Iraq are Mesopotamian Arabic and Kurdish, followed by the Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman dialect of Turkish, and the Neo-Aramaic languages (specifically Chaldean and Assyrian). In May 2003 L. Paul Bremer, the chief executive of the CPA, issued orders to exclude Ba'ath Party members from the new Iraqi government (CPA Order 1) and to disband the Iraqi Army (CPA Order 2). Law no. [310] Teachers are important resources that are starting to become more and more strained with the rising number of students. Typically, precipitation is low; most places receive less than 250mm (9.8in) annually, with maximum rainfall occurring during the winter months. His skull was also jerked upward at the neck, and his two rows of teeth were stretched apart, as if screaming. Carter, Robert A. and Philip, Graham Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and Integration in the Late Prehistoric Societies of the Middle East (Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, Number 63) The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (2010), Zettler (2003), pp. [specify][86][pageneeded][87], Faced with spiralling costs and influenced by the public protestations of the war hero T. E. Lawrence[88] in The Times, Britain replaced Arnold Wilson in October 1920 with a new Civil Commissioner, Sir Percy Cox. . [170] The referendum was regarded as illegal by the federal government in Baghdad. Sadr, a populist with hundreds of thousands of followers who has opposed both U.S. and Iranian influence in Iraq, has called for early elections, as well as for political figures who served. Updated. However, Australia's contribution was reduced from 250 to 120 ADF personnel, which along with New Zealand had trained over 45,000 ISF members before that.[219]. [24][25], Another possible etymology for the name is from the Middle Persian word erq, meaning "lowlands. It is governed by an elected 50-member legislative council. [311] Enrollment rates continue to be on a steady increase at about 4.1% each year. The president is the head of state, the prime minister is the head of government, and the constitution provides for two deliberative bodies, the Council of Representatives (Majlis al-Nawwb) and the Council of Union (Majlis al-Ittid). [91] It is the most populous country in the Arabian Plate.[278]. By the end of 638, the Muslims had conquered all of the Western Sassanid provinces (including modern Iraq), and the last Sassanid Emperor, Yazdegerd III, had fled to central and then northern Persia, where he was killed in 651. The party has a more consistent anti-sectarian perspective than most of its rivals. Iraqi media expert and author of a number of reports on this subject, Ibrahim Al Marashi, identifies four stages of the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 where they had been taking the steps that have significant effects on the way for the later of the Iraqi media since then.
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