This is a list of the characters that belong to the Touhou Project, a series of danmaku and fighting video games by ZUN from Team Shanghai Alice.Most Touhou characters reside in a fictional realm called Gensokyo ('Land of Illusions'), where humans and ykai coexist. [134], When the Parthian Arsacid king Mithridates I (c. 171138 BC) took control of Persis, he left the Persian dynasts in office, known as the Kings of Persis, and they were allowed to continue minting coins with the title of mlk ("King"). "Relazione dell'impero Ottomano del senatore Costantino Garzoni stato all'ambascieria di Costantinopoli nel 1573". Due to the growing British demand for Chinese tea and the Chinese Emperor's lack of interest in British commodities other than silver, British traders resorted to trade in opium as a high-value commodity for which China was not self-sufficient. Persia gained a significant amount of wealth from this looting. On the other hand that was the past, twenty years had gone by, so at the same time I think we're properly balanced between the characters of Bobby Ewing, J.R. and Sue Ellen. [122], In 338BC Artaxerxes was poisoned by Bagoas with the assistance of a physician. A counternarcotics law passed in December 2005 requires Afghanistan to develop registries or regulations for tracking, storing, and owning acetic anhydride.[135]. The riders often had the same armour as Infantry units, wicker shields, short spears, swords or large daggers, bow and arrow, and scale armour coats. Outsourcing became a huge factor for survival for many smugglers and opium farmers. [54][55] The Indian Diaspora distributed opium-eaters in the same way, and both social groups survived as "lascars" (seamen) and "coolies" (manual laborers). Merlin fails to detect a plot on Empress Sharleyan back in Charis. Congenital fear of snakes and spiders was found in six-month-old babies. Alongside returning series stars (Patrick Duffy, Larry Hagman, Linda Gray, George Kennedy, Ken Kercheval and Steve Kanaly), and recurring cast (Omri Katz, Audrey Landers, Deborah Rennard and George O. Petrie), the two telefilms also introduced new characters most notably up-and-coming lawyer Anita Smithfield, played by Tracy Scoggins. Microsoft has responded to a list of concerns regarding its ongoing $68bn attempt to buy Activision Blizzard, as raised [120] Before he returned to Persia, he appointed Pherendares as satrap of Egypt. Donna Reed also joined the main cast during season 8, temporarily portraying Miss Ellie until Barbara Bel Geddes returned in the following year. In around 351 BC, Artaxerxes embarked on a campaign to recover Egypt, which had revolted under his father, Artaxerxes II. He was accused of being an atheist. Today, opium is regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration under the Controlled Substances Act. [243] Cyrus the Great in fact had an extensive ancient Iranian heritage behind him; the rich Achaemenid gold work, which inscriptions suggest may have been a specialty of the Medes, was for instance in the tradition of the delicate metalwork found in Iron Age II times at Hasanlu and still earlier at Marlik. [169] That task would fall to Darius the Great, who would officially give Persians their own royal navy to allow them to engage their enemies on multiple seas of this vast empire, from the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea, to the Persian Gulf, Ionian Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. The series revolves around an affluent and feuding Texas family, the Ewings, who own the independent oil company Ewing Oil and the cattle-ranching land of Southfork.The series originally focused on the marriage of Bobby Ewing and Pamela Barnes, whose families were sworn enemies Recently there has been some corroboration for the Parthian claim to Achaemenid ancestry via the possibility of an inherited disease (neurofibromatosis) demonstrated by the physical descriptions of rulers and from the evidence of familial disease on ancient coinage. Later, most interiors for the show were shot at the MGM Studios in Culver City, California (which was purchased outright by Lorimar in 1986), with some exteriors being shot at the Southfork Ranch in Parker, Texas, and other sections of Dallas. ", Morphine was the first pharmaceutical isolated from a natural product, and this success encouraged the isolation of other alkaloids: by 1820, isolations of noscapine, strychnine, veratrine, colchicine, caffeine, and quinine were reported. Occupied Corisande is restless after Hektor's murder. [37], In Christian theology, there are two ways of "conceiving human nature:" The first is "spiritual, Biblical, and theistic"; and the second is "natural, cosmical, and anti-theistic". Tincture of opium has been prescribed for, among other things, severe diarrhea. Samuels argues that the theoretical roles of human nature includes: organizing role, descriptive functions, causal explanatory functions, taxonomic functions, and invariances. Should it hold up long term, a lack of resources could hamper the CFPBs pledge to supervise a broader group of fintech businesses. Charisian prisoners from Dreadnought are rescued from Gwylym Manthyr's fate by a daring nighttime raid, but Dreadnought is captured almost intact for study by the enemy. The $68.7 billion Activision Blizzard acquisition is key to Microsofts mobile gaming plans. Safehold is a science fiction book series by David Weber, currently consisting of ten titles, the latest released in January 2019. [218], Mithra[219] was the most widely worshipped and followed deity[220] in the Achaemenid Empire. [37], Legalists posit that human selfishness can be an asset rather than a threat to a state. However, when all was quiet and the Pax Persica held true, the Sparabara returned to normal life farming the land and grazing their herds. [91]:987 Thus, if we were to combine all possible life histories of all individuals in existence we would have access to the trait distribution patterns that constitute human nature. [118][119] The amount of testosterone in men may increase dramatically in response to any competition. Various cast members from the original series attended his onscreen funeral. The show is mostly an ensemble cast, with Larry Hagman as greedy, scheming oil tycoon J.R. Ewing, stage/screen actress Barbara Bel Geddes as family matriarch Miss Ellie and Western movie actor Jim Davis as Ewing patriarch Jock, his last role before his death in 1981. [159] There is evidence that conquered and/or rebellious enemies could be sold into slavery. These statements will not be true of all humans. The tournaments are held by the Dead or Alive Tournament Executive Committee (DOATEC). The series controls also make the instances of speed and simplicity more congruent with the focus of timing and combos in mind, as the commands for basic attacks are widely considered more straightforward than most video games. Since Dead or Alive 2, the series has implemented its Tag team fighting system, allowing characters to switch back and forth for combo attacks and even attack simultaneously when timed correctly. Tokyo reports 14 COVID-19 cases, down slightly from last week. An arcade version of the game was released on December 24, 2013 as. Asia Minor had been brought back into the Persian fold, but Darius had vowed to punish Athens and Eretria for their support of the revolt. However, in 1985 the corporation refused to pay $60,000 per-episode asking price for the next (ninth) series. For instance, they fear that becoming posthumans could pose a threat to ordinary humans[103] or be harmful to posthumans themselves. Encyclopdia Iranica, online edition, New York, 1996-, (Ctesias, frg. Created by William J. [81] Following him, John Locke's philosophy of empiricism also saw human nature as a tabula rasa. The composite bow was used by the Persians and Medes, who adopted it from the Scythians and transmitted it to other nations, including the Greeks. Dead or Alive 4 again explores DOATEC's attempts to create a powerful clone of Kasumi with the Alpha Project. Sumer (/ s u m r /) is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC. The program was counted as a substantial success, with a cessation of direct British opium exports to China (but not Hong Kong)[79] and most provinces declared free of opium production. [146][bettersourceneeded], Another factor contributing to the decline of the Empire, in the period following Xerxes, was its failure to ever mold the many subject nations into a whole; the creation of a national identity was never attempted. In 2010, cable network TNT announced they had ordered a pilot for the continuation of the Dallas series. The destination for all NFL-related videos. Georg W. F. Hegel in his work The Philosophy of History introduces the Persian Empire as the "first empire that passed away" and its people as the "first historical people" in history. Ramsey objects that human properties do not just fall in one of the two categories, writing that "any organismic property is going to be due to both heritable features of the organism as well as the particular environmental features the organism happens to encounter during its life."[91]. [8][9][10][11] Human nature is traditionally contrasted with human attributes that vary among societies, such as those associated with specific cultures. Jumping over non-moving Obstacles and performing flying attacks while jumping over them was also introduced. Preparations of the drug such as oxycodone with paracetamol and extended release oxycodone remain popular to this day. "[57] The Old Testament does not explicitly link the "corruption of human nature" to Adam's sin. Kasumi was kidnapped by DOATEC and was used as a subject in DOATEC's bio-weapon experiment, Alpha. In the past, smokers would use a specially designed opium pipe which had a removable knob-like pipe-bowl of fired earthenware attached by a metal fitting to a long, cylindrical stem. "Power Blow" is a triggered powerful attack that can enable the player that is low on health to knock the opponent character away in a selected direction, possibly initiating a cinematic quick time event called Cliffhanger. The contemporary socioeconomic and collective decision-making mechanisms are structures that may affect the expression of human nature for instance, innate tendencies to seek survival, well-being, respect and status that some consider fundamental to humans[128] may result in varying product-designs, types of work, public infrastructure-designs and the distribution and prevalence of each. The Temple struggles to adapt to Charisian economic warfare, but the Group of Four determine to use their overwhelming numbers to try to win out before a sustained offense becomes impossible to support. Levying a vast army, Artaxerxes marched into Egypt and engaged Nectanebo II. [64][65], Herodotus depicts Cambyses as openly antagonistic to the Egyptian people and their gods, cults, temples, and priests, in particular stressing the murder of the sacred bull Apis. The desperate Group of Four authorize a broad adoption of Charisian innovations and tactics, unwittingly playing into Merlin's ultimate goal to uplift all of Safehold. [134], An increasingly large fraction of opium is processed into morphine base and heroin in drug labs in Afghanistan. For the final tournament match, Jann Lee is once again officially a winner, but he was unofficially defeated by a newcomer, Diego. By 1100 BC, opium was cultivated on Cyprus, where surgical-quality knives were used to score the poppy pods, and opium was cultivated, traded, and smoked. [158], Dried latex obtained from the opium poppy, Opium poppy seed pod exuding latex from a cut, Recreational use in Europe, the Middle East and the US (11th to 19th centuries), Regulation in Britain and the United States. However, by 1861, Wang Tao wrote that opium was used even by rich peasants, and even a small village without a rice store would have a shop where opium was sold. [106] Ochus then took the royal name Darius II. [133] They ruled from the end of the 3rd century BC to the beginning of the 2nd century BC, and Vahbarz or Vdfradd I obtained independence circa 150 BC, when Seleucid power waned in the areas of southwestern Persia and the Persian Gulf region. The basic rule of governance was based upon loyalty and obedience of each satrapy to the central power, or the king, and compliance with tax laws. The "Who Done It" episode of Dallas that revealed who shot J.R.?, the famous 1980 cliffhanger, received the highest domestic ratings at that point with over 90 million American viewers (representing more than 53% of the U.S. households and 76% of the U.S. television audience for November 21, 1980) tuning in for the answer. 'The Empire' or 'The Kingdom'), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. This feeling of alienation, resulted fromcontingency of a life's beginning that is not at [one's] disposal, makes it difficult for genetically-modified persons to perceive themselves as moral agents who can make ethical judgement freely and independently - that is, without any substantial or definitive interference from another agent. Cyrus would die battling a local Iranian insurgency in the empire, before he could have a chance to develop a naval force. According to Diodorus, at Persepolis, Alexander III found some 180,000 Attic talents of silver besides the additional treasure the Macedonians were carrying that already had been seized in Damascus by Parmenion. The Magi, though persecuted, continued to exist, and a year following the death of the first pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata), saw a second pseudo-Smerdis (named Vahyazdta) attempt a coup. [82], According to the Behistun Inscription, Gaumata ruled for seven months before being overthrown in 522 BC by Darius the Great (Darius I) (Old Persian Dryavu, "who holds firm the good", also known as Darayarahush). To take the war to the Temple, Charis plans to conquer every realm in its maritime region before invading the mainland. Power shifted from remote to high-end smugglers and opium traders. Following Alexander's conquests, this highway allowed for the spread of cultural syncretic fusions like Greco-Buddhism into Central Asia and China, as well as empires like the Kushan, Indo-Greek and Parthian to profit from trade between East and West. Uncovering the Politics of the Poppy, London, I.B. [233] They may have participated in the royal hunt, as well as during the royal banquets; Herodotus relates how the Persian envoys at the Macedonian court demanded the presence of women during a banquet because it was the custom for women to participate in the banquets in their own country. The cost is high; every Charisian victory prompts brutal pogroms against nearby settlements to weed out "heretics". [1] When the show ended on May 3, 1991, J.R. was the only character to have appeared in every episode. Dallas originally aired on Saturday nights when it debuted as a regular series. [46]:231 Thus, according to the Bible, "humankind is not as God created it. [citation needed], Artaxerxes III then ordered the disbanding of all the satrapal armies of Asia Minor, as he felt that they could no longer guarantee peace in the west and was concerned that these armies equipped the western satraps with the means to revolt. [47], Nothing is known of Persian-Babylonian relations between 547 BC and 539 BC, but it is likely that there were hostilities between the two empires for several years leading up to the war of 540539 BC and the Fall of Babylon. This forces him to reveal his "impossible" presence to Sharleyan. KINGS of PERSIS. However, this belief is only possible because we have, for example, evolved a sense of touch. [38][39] Cyrus led a counterattack which not only fought off Croesus' armies, but also led to the capture of Sardis and the fall of the Lydian Kingdom in 546 BC. The latex also contains the closely related opiates codeine and thebaine, and non-analgesic alkaloids such as papaverine and noscapine. [109] Oxycodone, a thebaine derivative similar to codeine, was introduced by Bayer in 1916 and promoted as a less-addictive analgesic. Patrick Duffy had left the series to pursue other opportunities, but due to declining ratings, he was convinced to return to the series by production company Lorimar as well as by series star Larry Hagman. Peter Dale Scott, Asia-Pacific Journal Japan Focus, 1 Nov. 2010, Volume 8 | Issue 44 | Number 2, Belgische Farmacopee, 5de uitgave, 1966; part 3. Similarly, Arthur Caplan opposes naturalistic objections to life extension enhancements, by claiming that:[109]. Opium was traded from Egypt by the Phoenicians and Minoans to destinations around the Mediterranean Sea, including Greece, Carthage, and Europe. Subsequently, this role passed to the League of Nations, and all signatory nations agreed to prohibit the import, sale, distribution, export, and use of all narcotic drugs, except for medical and scientific purposes. AristotlePlato's most famous student-made some of the most famous and influential statements about human nature. After the Gbaba attack the Solar System, a final colony fleet escapes after tricking the Gbaba into believing it had been destroyed. "[166] Despite the relative local independence afforded by the satrapy system, royal inspectors, the "eyes and ears of the king", toured the empire and reported on local conditions. Stolper, Matthew W. and Tavernier, Jan (2007), A history of Greece, Volume 2, By Connop Thirlwall, Longmans, 1836, p. 174, Volume IX, Encyclopdia Britannica, Fifteenth Edition 1983, Maria Brosius, "WOMEN i. "[10] In a released statement on June 3, 2008, Itagaki announced his resignation from Tecmo (July 1, 2008) due to business troubles with then president of Tecmo, Yoshimi Yasuda. Egypt remained a part of the Persian Empire until Alexander the Great's conquest of Egypt. This fundamental modification to human relationship erodes the foundation of liberal democracy and puts its viability in danger. [115] In men, a decrease in testosterone level after the birth of a child in the family was found, so that the fathers energies are more directed to nurturing, protecting and caring for the child. ), Joseph William Hewitt (ed.). [72] Herodotus claims that the naval invasion of Carthage was canceled because the Phoenicians, who made up a large part of Cambyses' fleet, refused to take up arms against their own people,[73] but modern historians doubt whether an invasion of Carthage was ever planned at all. Opium extract (extractum opii) finally can be made by macerating raw opium with water. Watch game, team & player highlights, Fantasy football videos, NFL event coverage & more The lightning pace of innovation, while not directly heretical, causes longstanding Temple suspicions about Charis to boil over. Bardiya is referred to by a variety of names in Greek sources, including Smerdis, Tanyoxarces, Tanoxares, Mergis and Mardos. Numerous finds of P. somniferum or P. setigerum from Bronze Age and Iron Age settlements have also been reported. [92] Finally, since they are the product of evolution, properties belonging to the nomological notion of human nature are not fixed, but they can change over time. One by one, each colony world is annihilated. However, he was written out of the show midway through the tenth season. [70] Gladstone lambasted it as "Palmerston's Opium War" and said that he felt "in dread of the judgments of God upon England for our national iniquity towards China" in May 1840. Clyntahn is visited by a fearful member of a secret faction of his political opponents, The Circle, who tells the Inquisition everything. Although the miniseries was created as the series' pilot, by the time it was aired, neither the producers nor the network were hopeful that it would continue beyond these five episodes and initially had no plans for expansion. Administrator Eric Langhorne overwrites the memory of every colonist, leaving only the original command crew with their memories intact. This section summarizes the prominent construals of human nature and outlines the key arguments from philosophers on both sides of the debate. [33] The popularity of Dallas in Romania is the subject of the 2016 experimental documentary Hotel Dallas, directed by artist duo Ungur & Huang and starring Patrick Duffy, who plays a surreal double of the Bobby Ewing character. Get up to the minute entertainment news, celebrity interviews, celeb videos, photos, movies, TV, music news and pop culture on ABCNews.com. In addition to the above, Gary and Valene Ewing appeared in the following episodes of Dallas, as listed below. Shan-Wei's side retaliates, killing Langhorne and most of his allies, sparking the "War Against the Fallen" among the survivors. [25][dead link], Around 850 BC the original nomadic people who began the empire called themselves the Parsa and their constantly shifting territory Parsua, for the most part localized around Persis. [94] These attempts aim to make natural selection compatible with a certain conception of human nature which is stable across time. (Non-dynastic usurpers17351701 BCE) It was Persian tradition that kings begin constructing their own tombs while they were still alive. During the first 8 seasons of the show, Dallas's production team remained basically intact (the main exception being Rich's leaving after season 3). Rather, it provides material for more philosophical descriptions of human nature. [13] However, the existence of this invariable and metaphysical human nature is subject of much historical debate, continuing into modern times. [85][87][88] Finally, Megabazus sent envoys to Amyntas, demanding acceptance of Persian domination, which the Macedonians did. An attempt to reconquer Egypt in 373 BC was completely unsuccessful, but in his waning years the Persians did manage to defeat a joint EgyptianSpartan effort to conquer Phoenicia. Series creator David Jacobs left his day-to-day duties as executive story consultant at the end of season 2, in order to focus on the production of spin-off Knots Landing. And this makes ageing unnatural and in no way an intrinsic part of human nature. During season 11, Pam disappeared after her half-sister Katherine was seen around the hospital, with Pam seemingly leaving Bobby and Christopher due to her unwillingness to let them see her in such a physically disfigured fashion. Stephanie Rogers was let go as Cliff's PR representative at the end of season 13, making actress Lesley-Anne Down the most short-lived member of the regular cast, appearing in 8 episodes and being on the opening title sequence in 13 episodes. [36] By inheriting Astyages' empire, he also inherited the territorial conflicts the Medes had had with both Lydia and the Neo-Babylonian Empire. The game added a new feature in its Sparring Mode called "Exercise" also known as Command Training, an automatic command tutorial that teaches players how to perform attacks. [85], After Xerxes I was assassinated, he was succeeded by his eldest surviving son Artaxerxes I. During the terraforming process, Shan-Wei hid an android, with the personality and memories of Nimue Alban, a Terran Federation Navy tactical officer, deep within a secret mountain base. When Broomhall was dying, his son Marshall read to him from The Times the welcome news that an agreement had been signed ensuring the end of the opium trade within two years. The surviving royal family of Corisande travel home with Archbishop Staynair, where Princess Irys falls in love with her rescuer Duke Hektor Aplyn-Ahrmahk. Another chief wife was a Greek woman of Phocaea named Aspasia (not the same as the concubine of Pericles). The executive producers of Dallas in the first 3 seasons were Philip Capice and Lee Rich. In an interview in 2011 Charlene Tilton said that show was one of her and the cast's worst experiences ever. [46] During these wars, Cyrus established several garrison towns in Central Asia, including the Cyropolis. [68] As a member of Parliament, Gladstone called it "most infamous and atrocious" referring to the opium trade between China and British India in particular. Although NiCO attempts to revive Helena's mother, Maria, Helena rejects her plan, causing NiCO to escape from her. A demo version of the game was made available for free download on Xbox Live on July 24, 2006. [207] The bridge over the Bosphorus essentially connected the nearest tip of Asia to Europe, encompassing at least some 1000 meters of open water if not more. Found at Persepolis in 1930s, they are mostly in ancient Elamite; the remains of more than 10,000 of these cuneiform documents have been uncovered. This was described in the 2009 documentary Disco and Atomic War. Beginning in 1915, Chinese nationalist groups came to describe the period of military losses and Unequal Treaties as the "Century of National Humiliation", later defined to end with the conclusion of the Chinese Civil War in 1949. In 343BC, Artaxerxes, in addition to his 330,000 Persians, had now a force of 14,000 Greeks furnished by the Greek cities of Asia Minor: 4,000 under Mentor, consisting of the troops that he had brought to the aid of Tennes from Egypt; 3,000 sent by Argos; and 1,000 from Thebes. Prominent critics of the concept David L. Hull,[88] Michael Ghiselin,[89] and David Buller;[90] see also[5][6][7] argue that human nature is incompatible with modern evolutionary biology. He shocked Western civilization with his Second Discourse by proposing that humans had once been solitary animals, without reason or language or communities, and had developed these things due to accidents of pre-history. The general enactments, binding upon all, did not infringe upon their political and social idiosyncrasies, but even protected and maintained them; so that each of the nations that constitute the whole, had its own form of constitution. The Takabara were recruited from territories that incorporated modern Iran. [18] He wrote the first and the final episode of the original five-part miniseries (season 1), with the other three episodes being written by Arthur Bernard Lewis, Camille Marchetta and Virginia Aldrige. [112], The herd instinct is found in human children and chimpanzee cubs, but is apparently absent in young orangutans. Notably, the three of them wrote every episode but two during seasons 7 and 8. Opium: Dikotter, Frank, Lars Laamann and Zhou Xun. Diktter, Frank, Lars Laamann, and Zhou Xun. After the original Dead or Alive Xtreme Beach Volleyball, the available activities have expanded to include the likes of watercraft racing and beach photography,[5] while emphasizing the series' breast physics.[6]. For season 13, rising production costs led to all filming being relocated to California. The series originally focused on the marriage of Bobby Ewing and Pamela Barnes, whose families were sworn enemies with each other. [146] One study of British heroin addicts found a 12-fold excess mortality ratio (1.8 percent of the group dying per year). Therefore, the British tried to encourage Chinese opium use to enhance their balance, and they delivered it from Indian provinces under British control. Should it hold up long term, a lack of resources could hamper the CFPBs pledge to supervise a broader group of fintech businesses. Instead we find the characters 20 years after the events of the Season 14 cliffhanger. "Opioid Therapy For Chronic Pain". [23][24], The renowned Andalusian ophthalmologic surgeon Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi ("Abulcasis", 9361013 AD) relied on opium and mandrake as surgical anesthetics and wrote a treatise, al-Tasrif, that influenced medical thought well into the 16th century. A Safeholdian legend formerly thought fictional, Kohdy fought for the Temple during the War Against the Fallen. Ramsey's next argumentative manoeuvre is to point out that traits are not randomly scattered across potential life histories; there are patterns. Dead or Alive 2 is set less than a year later, as Tengu escapes from his world and threatens the human world. [139], Part of the cause of the Empire's decline had been the heavy tax burden put upon the state, which eventually led to economic decline. Latimer, Dean, and Jeff Goldberg with an Introduction by William Burroughs. [85][86] Darius left in Europe one of his commanders named Megabazus whose task was to accomplish conquests in the Balkans. They were armoured with quilted linen and carried large rectangular wicker shields as a form of light manoeuvrable defence. Machery also highlights potential drawbacks of the nomological account. Therefore, humans They all had the same trilingual inscription (DPh inscription). PlayStation 2 launch title in North America. The show was prominent for its cliffhangers, including the "Who shot J.R.?" [118][119] On November 30, 1998, the standard cutoff was increased to 2000 nanograms (two micrograms) per milliliter. [4] Approximately 12 percent of opium is made up of the analgesic alkaloid morphine, which is processed chemically to produce heroin and other synthetic opioids for medicinal use and for the illegal drug trade. She orders the execution of nearly all defendants but shows mercy when justified. Microsoft pleaded for its deal on the day of the Phase 2 decision last month, but now the gloves are well and truly off. In "Human Nature and Enhancement", he argued that good but also bad characteristics are part of human nature, and that changing the "bad" ones does not necessarily imply that the "good" ones will be affected.