It was located in the Indian subcontinent, This site is using cookies under cookie policy . It borders Assam to the east, Persia to the west and the Central Asian States to the north. It was back in 1569 when Akbar visited Sikri and found it auspicious to make it the capital of the Mughal Empire. The Mughal Empire was located in India Advertisement Advertisement New questions in History. How did Stalin view the Marshall Plan? The Empire stretched from Kabul to He did eventually recover the throne but died soon afterwards after breaking his neck falling downstairs. Taken from bbc.co.uk, Mughal Empire, The New World Encyclopedia, (n.d.). O d. They wanted to ensure that communism stayed put since it was going to fail anyway. the west, Kashmir in the north, and to the Kaveri basin in the Instead he had great ideas about civilisation, architecture and administration. China/ Central Asia. An innovation was the amount of autonomy he allowed to the provinces. Safavid Empire date. Location. What was the name and where was the location of the capital and cultural center of the Byzantine Empire? What is t he story all about the crown jewels of heezenhurst by Sylvia mendez ventura? O a. Cloudflare Ray ID: 766f2237ba63c316 Mughal Empire Essay. 25 (1 . One was responsible for finances, another was responsible for payments to soldiers and civilians, another acted as prime minister of society, and the last represented legislative and religious authority. Updated on September 09, 2019 In the 15th and 16th centuries, three great powers arose in a band across western and southern Asia. Each permit represented a different form of payment. It was a mixture of Persian, Mongol and Indian culture. He defeated Medini Rai of Chaneri at chanderi in 1528. Fortunately for the dynasty, Akbar was aided during his regency by a capable chief minister, Bairam Khan. . Babur may have been descended from brutal conquerors, but he was not a barbarian bent on loot and plunder. Rank Empire Approximate maximum extent (Area in km) Approximate date of maximum extent; 1: Mauryan Empire: 5,000,000: 250 BCE . Opposite Lamo Chaur Community Park, Jhamsikhel, Lalitpur, Nepal. Group of answer choices The expansion also allowed territorial control to the east and west, which caused the Empire to dominate a part of Afghanistan. O c. He viewed it as a waste of time and money. A more successful invasion came at the end of the 12th century. The Mughal Empire was characterized by centrality of power, since having a competent emperor was a necessary asset for the proper functioning of the Empire. Thus a new epoch and a new empire in India began, lasting for nearly three centuries beginning from 1526 to 1857.Six major rulers of this dynasty, Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb, known as the "Great Mughals", left their mark . As against the Delhi Sultanate, the capital of Mughal empire for starting 100 years during the period of Babur, Humayun, Akbar and Jahangir was in Agra. The Mughal Empire began in 1526 in northern India when Babur from central Asia defeated the Lodi Dynasty in the First Battle of the Panipat. He was a strong leader, whose conquests expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest size. [6] The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (reigned 1526-1530), a Central Asian ruler who was descended from the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (the founder of the Timurid Empire) on his father's side, and from Genghis Khan on his mother's side. Taken from Britannica.com, Mughal Empire (1500s, 1600s), BBC Religions, 2009. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. Mughal Empire 1700.png 567 598; 180 KB. Mughal Foundation is the official Mughal Imperial Durbar; which is founded by His Mughal Imperial Majesty Mirza Mughal the heir of the Mughal Empire, the great grand son of Emperor Shah Jahan. Taken from newworldencyclopedia.org, Mughal India: Art, Culture and Empire, Ministry of External Affairs of India, 2013. O a. The Empire had quite a wide artistic growth, particularly during Akbar's reign. Brainwashing: can you control someone's thinking? He defeated Muhammad lodhi at ghaghra in 1529. Each had its own regional authorities and a different source of money, but all of these regions were supervised by the emperor. The Largest Empires In The History Of India. Each person who owned a growing region received a special title from the state. Preview. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Afghan Lodi Sultans in the first battle of Panipat, where he was the first Indian to use a gun. It is even considered that the Hindu culturally evolved after the acquisition of control of the region by the Mughals. Browse mughal empire resources on Teachers Pay Teachers, a marketplace trusted by millions of teachers for original educational resources. The Mughal emperors (Persian: , romanized: Pdishhn) were the supreme heads of state of the Mughal Empire on the Indian subcontinent, mainly corresponding to the modern countries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh.The Mughal rulers styled themselves as "padishah", a title usually translated as "emperor". The Mughal (or Mogul) Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries. The importance of slavery in the Empire diminished and peace was made with the Hindu kingdoms of Southern India. The Mughal Empire during the reign of . This is emphasized by the fact that the Mughals allowed people of other religious beliefs to serve in government positions. His first act after conquering Delhi was to forbid the killing of cows because that was offensive to Hindus. The greatest exponent of administrative organization during the Mughal Empire came with the seizure of power by Akbar.He divided the government into four different departments, assigning a minister to each. around 1700, they controlled most of the Indian He viewed it as a positive since he would benefit from the money being pushed into Europe. Location The Territory the Mughal Empire had was in Northern India and Pakistan. After Babur, the Mughal Empire was ruled by several generations of emperors, continuously expanding its territory until it had conquered most of the Indian subcontinent. For completing the settlement, the Mughal Temple beckons as a reward. help please What do the French get from this treaty from 1778 between france and america? 1. It was large with a lot of lang but still a fair amount of coastal territory. 1644-1911. Why do you get faster connection at work than home? WATCH: The Omani Empire. There had been much wealth of Mughal aristocracy. Akbar also ended a tax (jizya) that had been imposed on non-Muslims. The Mughal Empire It was a Muslim empire that existed in the Indian subcontinent from the year 1526; dominated the region for around 300 years. Students will label and color a map to help them visualize the locations of the Islamic gunpowder empires - the Ottoman (circa 1683), Safavid (circa 1629), and Mughal (circa 1700) Empires. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. The last emperor, the senile Bahadur Shah Zafar, was put on trial for allegedly leading the rebels of the 1857 mutiny and for fomenting sedition. When Akbar came to power a new religious system was adopted that revolved around belief in God, regardless of its form. He rapidly lost the empire. One of the most important factors of the Mughal Empire was the tolerance that existed for the presence of various religions. The Mughal Empire was an Islamic reign lasting between the 15th and 18th centuries. This monument, too, was built by Shah Jahan. How to overcome the fear of dogs, in 4 steps, The five intelligences of the human being, 11 typical obsessions and compulsions in OCD, The Mughal Empire: Rulers, Characteristics & Hindu Influence, J. Whittemore, (n.d.). He was convicted and transported to Rangoon, to spend the remainder of his life on alien soil. 7. 89.40.16.146 However for much of their empire they allowed Hindus to reach senior government or military positions. Muhammad Shah (also called Rangeela) 1719-1720. Babur disposed of the ruler, and decided to take over himself. In order to form the Mughal Empire, you need to be Pakistan or Afghanistan, and there are four countries you need in order to form it: India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan. READ: Americas in 1750. Akbar's government machine included many Hindus in positions of responsibility - the governed were allowed to take a major part in the governing. 6 terms. The Turkish-Mongols did possess this ability, thanks to having obtained the knowledge of Ottoman engineers and inventors. The first Muslims arrived in the 8th century. What color is a chromosome in a Plant Cell? Brother of Rafi Ul-Darjat. Economics and Organization The Mughal emperors (or Great Mughals) were despotic rulers who relied upon and held sway over a large number of ruling elites. Trade in Mughal India, Mughal Empire Trade. This type of attitudes was very rare for the time, since religious unification was considered important worldwide. While this may well have been for political reasons - he married a Hindu princess (and is said to have married several thousand wives for political and diplomatic purposes) - it was also a part of his philosophy. The paper titled "Mughal Hegemony and the Emergence of South Asia as a "Region" for Regional Order-building" was published in the European Journal of International Relations, Vol. The United States included both Alaska and Florida. While John tea. In the last decades of the seventeenth century Aurangzeb invaded the Hindu kingdoms in central and southern India, conquering much territory and taking many slaves. Your IP: Ruler. the mughal empire (1526-1540, 1555-1707) was one of the largest empires established in the indian subcontinent. (a) Sisodiya Rajputs The Mughal Empire It was a Muslim empire that existed in the Indian subcontinent from the year 1526; dominated the region for around 300 years. It was ruled by a dynasty established by Turkic-Mongols with roots in the central part of the Asian continent. What is judge James Edwards' party affiliation. Menu. Battle of Khanwa Part of Expansion of the Mughal Empire Date 1527 Location Khanwa, near Agra, India Result Decisive victory of the first Mughal Emperor Babur and consolidation of Mughal power in India Territorial changes Expansion of the Mughal Empire into Rajput territories. In some funeral structures the creation of Christian paintings was allowed for believers of the Catholic religion. Akbar's son, Emperor Jahangir, readopted Islam as the state religion and continued the policy of religious toleration. They differ in whether local people must obey The last Mughal Emperor was deposed by the British in 1858. The ABO ytem It i the mot important typification that claifie red blood cell according to the antigen or agglutinogen they have on their plama membrane. Although they dominated the territory of India, the Hindu culture was not lost with the Mughal conquest. The Mughal Empire was located in modern day Northern, central, and western India as well as west into modern day Pakistan and Afghanistan, or more generally, the Indian Subcontinent. About Us; Gift Cards; Help; . The Mughal Empire is a formable located in East Asia. A later Muslim invasion in 1398 devastated the city of Delhi. Jahan brought together fresh ideas in the creation of the Taj. It consolidated Islam in South Asia, and spread Muslim (and particularly Persian) arts and culture as well as the faith. By Jahan's period the capital had moved to the Red Fort in Delhi, putting the Fort at the heart of Mughal power. Babur's son Humayun was not a great emperor. Sets found in the same folder. The main source of income for the Mughal Empire was tilling the land. HM Mirza Mughal has restored the Mughal Durbar in 2016 after 160 years of total silence. They knew that communism would not survive if it spread further than where it was. As time went on, the Mughals seized more territory in the Indian region. He is regarded as the emperor who truly consolidated the existence of the Mughals and emphasized control over the Indian region. What is the overall purpose o Jahan's selection of white marble and the overall concept and design of the mausoleum give the building great power and majesty. READ: Tokugawa Shogunate. O b. late 1400's - early 1500's. Mughal Empire date. They differ in whether local people can travel. The Mughals also made effective use of heavy (shock) cavalry. Until 1707, the Mughals had direct control over practically all of India. The military might of the Empire was one of the main reasons why the territorial control of India was not so complicated. It was Shah Jahan who established Shahjahanabad near Delhi and the capital of Mughal empire shifted to Shahjahanabad in 1648 and remained till last i.e. The money Jahan spent on buildings and on various military projects emptied his treasury and he was forced to raise taxes, which aggravated the people of the empire. At its peak, the Mughal Empire was 122% the size of the current geographical size of the Republic of India. Mughal Empire . The Mughal Emperors were Mughal empresses.jpg 352 550; 82 KB. He established himself in Kabul and then pushed . The emperors were always originally from Central Asia with Turkish-Mongolian roots, which culturally made them have the Muslim as their main religion. Other empires covered a relatively much smaller geographical location. Babur was expelled from Central Asia, so he decided to find a new place to establish his empire. Trade with the rest of the Islamic world, especially Persia and through Persia to Europe, was encouraged. Mughal Empire location. During the reign of Emperor Babur (named after Babur himself). In 1526 he defeated the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodi, at Panipat and captured Delhi and Agra. Their combination of field artillery and cavalry supplanted a military system based on war elephants. By IMP CENTER. He no longer allowed the Hindu community to live under their own laws and customs, but imposed Sharia law (Islamic law) over the whole empire. This discriminatory tax had been much resented, and ending it was a popular move. The Mughal Empire Under Akbar Humayun was succeeded by his 13-year-old son, Jalal-ud-Din Akbar, and the task of keeping the empire together seemed almost impossible. . The Mughal Empire is the 5th Cultural Settlement in Forge of Empires and again varies the theme of the Temporary Outpost a bit. Kabuli Bagh Masjid, Panipat (India) Built in 1527 CE. Name two reasons that contributed to th. Fernando Villaln-Daoz and Halcn (1881-1930) wa a panih poet, linked to the aritocracy, who came to poe the title of Count of Miraflore de lo Angele. 3 He viewed 23 Famous Mughal Monuments That You MUST Know 49. Development of the Mughal Empire Mughal dynasty, Mughal also spelled Mogul, Persian Mughl ("Mongol"), Muslim dynasty of Turkic-Mongol origin that ruled most of northern India from the early 16th to the mid-18th century. Jahangir also began building the magnificent monuments and gardens by which the Mughals are chiefly remembered today, importing hundreds of Persian architects to build palaces and create magnificent gardens. Home to one of the seven wonders of the world, Taj Mahal, Agra was always one of the significant centres during the Mughal rule. Babur Badishah, first and founding Emperor of the Mughal Empire and direct descendant of Genghis Khan. It was a campaign launched by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb to capture the Konkan region from the Maratha Empire under Sambhaji.The Mughal forces were led by Mu'azzam and Shahbuddin Khan. Muhammad Ibrahim (Claimant to the throne) 1720. It should be remembered that this prize is granted in any case. He viewed it as a plot by the U.S. to weaken communism. After the Civil War, the federal government began to extend civil rights to African Americans by, Review the map. The Mughal emperors allowed their new subjects to practice Hinduism, which guaranteed all the inhabitants of the Empire the freedom to believe in the gods of their choosing. Starting from 1562, the Mughal Empire flourished all across the Indian subcontinent including the modern-day countries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh. The Mughal Period of India is, perhaps, its Golden Era. Babur was followed by his son Humayun who was a bad emperor, a better poet, and a drug addict. The Emperor (or Padishah) of the nation currently is Akbar Shah Zafar II and its capital is Lahore, and its official language is Urdu, however, several others are known to be spoken as well. By the time of his death in 1605 he ruled over most of north, central, and western India. 1 See answer Advertisement outofsightmerxii is waiting for your help. The Mughal Empire (also Mog(h)ul, Persian: Grkniyn; Urdu: , Muliyah Salanat,) was an empire extending over large parts of the Indian subcontinent and ruled by a dynasty of Chaghtai-Turkic origin. They differ in whether local people are allowed to work. 1299-1922. Babur brought a broad-minded, confident Islam from central Asia. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Akbar took the policy of religious toleration even further by breaking with conventional Islam. The Mughal Empire was located in India, the Songhai Empire in West Africa and the Ottoman Empire was located across South East Europe, North East Africa and a bit of Asia. However, Humayun's son became the most important emperor of the Mughal dynasty. (a) Fergana (b) Foridabad (c) Kabul (d) Khorassan Answer Question 4. The Mughal Empire grew out of descendants of the Mongol Empire who were living in Turkestan in the 15th century. The Mughal (or Mogul) Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries. the law. This website is published by the Mughal Foundation. Humayun's Tomb. ________ refused to accept the Mughal authority for a long time. Even though the Mughals came as conquerors into the indian Subcontinent, they did not colonize the country. Was Mughal emperor for a brief period in 1719. The Mughal Empire in India was established by Babur. What served as the main residence for the Mughal Emperors for a long time, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site today. #2. 14 February 1483, d. 1530), at the tender age of eleven, became the ruler of Ferghana. It was possible that the payment was calculated according to the amount of feed available for sale after planting or, in other cases, by dividing the grain available. The Mughals were the world's . The Mughals were renowned for their use of gunpowder to make rockets and grenades, tools that they used in various battles to end the lives of their enemies and Hindu war elephants. The word marketing derive from Engli h, which in pani h tran late a All Rights Reserved warbletoncouncil.org - 2022, ABO system: incompatibility, inheritance and proof, Third industrial revolution: characteristics, causes, consequences. The Mughal empire was an Islamic imperial power that ruled the Learn about the Mughal Empire that ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries. READ: Sub-Saharan Africa. Non religious (secular) and multicultural (pluralistic) outlook. The emperor Akbar established an economic system that consisted of calculating the price of the products and everything that was cultivated on average for 10 years; a third of this income belonged to the State. However, this system was entirely dependent on the productivity of the land. They were afraid the spread of communism would lead to tyranny and oppression across the world. Fatehpur Sikri was the new capital built by Akbar, as a part of his attempt to absorb other religions into Islam. They differ in whether local people have a say in government. Ottoman Empire date. 10 terms. the land of the United States in 1783? The United States included land near the Atlantic Ocean. Add your answer and earn points. This allowed it to become the most powerful domain in the economic sphere that the Indian region had had up to that time. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The Emperor proclaimed an entirely new state religion of 'God-ism' (Din-i-ilahi) - a jumble of Islamic, Hindu, Christian and Buddhist teaching with himself as deity. The emperor established a large number of bookstores and cultural centers throughout the Mughal territory, allowing his subjects to learn and develop their own ideas. South Asia, covering India. This eventually led to the formation of the Delhi Sultanate. Instead they remained as natives rather than colonists. . The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Akbar believed that all religions should be tolerated, and that a ruler's duty was to treat all believers equally, whatever their belief. (a) Panipat (b) Kurukshetra (c) Jaipur (d) Udaipur Answer Question 5. O c. They knew that people would reject communism if it left the Soviet Union since people hated it. O b. The Mughal Empire ruled the area of present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and much of northern India from 1526 until the official defeat of its last ruler, Bahadur Shah II (1775-1862), by the British in 1857, though its true decline dated from the death in 1707 of Aurangzeb (1618-1707), the last of the great Mughal emperors. The king was the head of the Executive, Legislature, Judiciary . After Aurangzeb's death in 1707 CE, the Mughal Empire began to fall apart quickly. Paradise it may have been, but it was a pricey paradise. Fatehpur Sikri in Agra: A Fortified City Reflecting Mughal Architectural Grandeur. The Mughal Empire (1526-1757) Name the three great empires of the six. Thousands of Hindu temples and shrines were torn down and a punitive tax on Hindu subjects was re-imposed. The Mughal Empire was located in modern day Northern, central, and western India as well as west into modern day Pakistan and Afghanistan, or more generally, the Indian Subcontinent. Although he died in 1530, his four years of conquest caused his Empire to expand from all of northern India to western Afghanistan. Sher Shah occupied the throne of Delhi for 1526 - 1628 Events Qing Dynasty China location. The Empire is considered the second largest to have dominated the region of India; It became the most economically powerful country on Earth during the planet's industrial age. The Hindu kingdoms also fought back, often supported by the French and the British, who used them to tighten their grip on the sub-continent. Mughal Period (1526-40 & 1555-1857) BABUR: Babur founded the Mughal rule in 1526. In which John Green teaches you about the Mughal Empire, which ruled large swaths of the Indian Sub-Continent from 1526 to (technically) 1857. He even wrote an autobiography, The Babur - Namah. . What two key qualities or outlook did t. The Mughal Emperors that followed Aurangzeb effectively became British or French puppets. Although this was an Islamic empire, the . Akbar was responsible for allowing the open practice of Christianity and many other religions, naming himself as a deity, but accepting all kinds of beliefs. Timeline Of The Mughal Dynasty. 15 Must See Architectural Sites in India. India witnessed huge growth in Trade and commerce during the Mughal Rule. outofsightmerxii is waiting for your help. The Mughal Empire By: Doyeon kim & kyubin park foundation Beginning of the empire location / geography foundation - Timur's Persia & Central Asia fragmented - Founder: Babur: Chagatai Turk: descendant from Genghis Khan (mother's side) and Timur (father's side) - "Mughal" mean The expre ion po e i u ed frequently in the mu ical context, generally in the punk, rock, gothic ubculture , to de cribe a Marketing i a di cipline compo ed of a et of trategie and method that are made around the promotion and ale of a product or ervice. Furthermore, the separation of powers was clearly marked. Back then many local governments (particularly the sultanates) had a large number of soldiers, but not the ability to use gunpowder in their battles. Aurangzeb's extremism caused Mughal territory and creativity to dry up and the Empire went into decline. The Mughals were Muslims who ruled a country with a large Hindu majority. Only the additional rewards depend on the observance of the time limit. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. READ: Qing Shih (Graphic Biography) Practice: Expanding to a Global Scale. 1 it was founded by babur in 1526 and continued to expand until the beginning of the eighteenth century. The Mughals required every article of luxury. The Mughals did use elephants in war, particularly in their early campaigns, but not as their primary striking force. Red Fort, Delhi. Dive into the world of the Mughal Empire, learning about the economy, trade, and technology that helped it . it as a way for the U.S. and the Soviet Union to become allies. He was a descendant of Timur (from the side of his father) and Genghis (from the side of his mother) He defeated Rana Sanga of Mewar at Khanwa in 1527. The Empire he founded was a sophisticated civilisation based on religious toleration. The strategic location of the Taj Mahal adds to its enchantment. The Mughals utilized many Natural Resources, one of these was diamond. For this reason, Babur was able to decisively end local governments during the first years of conquest. The Mughal Empire, descendants from the Mongol Empire of Turkestan in the 15th century, ruled the majority of India and Pakistan during the 16th and 17th centuries. During its most important stage of growth, the Empire controlled a large amount of territory. More than 4 centuries ago the Mughal empire was an immensely successful empire, covering the entire subcontinent of India and reaching a population of 100 million at its peak. In turn, there were various types of permits that the empire guaranteed. 1526-1857. The territorial growth of the Empire was linked in its entirety to its economic power. Architectural Features. READ: Oceania and the Pacific in 1750. Subcontinent---extending from Bengal in the east to Balochistan in Qing Dynasty China. [1] The Mughal Empire controlled most of Northern India from the 16th to the 18th century. Residents of India were invited to join the government, and were also offered to join the Mughal army. Each minister fulfilled a specific function. 1857. 2. He established a form of delegated government in which the provincial governors were personally responsible to him for the quality of government in their territory. Mughal Bengal.png 541 541; 99 KB. The Mughal Empire reached its peak territory around 1690, covering nearly all of the Indian Subcontinent (present-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh) and parts of present-day Afghanistan. Babur the first Mughal Emperor, was a descendent of Genghis Khan and Tamerlaine. In 1526 he began to invade other areas controlled by Hindu emperors, ending the existence of two local empires during his conquest. Location of Mughal Empire. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. He lost control of the Empire to various attacks by rebel invaders, which cost the Mughal dynasty several areas of control. 1720-1748. help please. the Taj Mahal), A system of education that took account of pupils' needs and culture. Many also came from other parts of the Islamic world - calligraphers from Shiraz, finial makers from Samrkand, and stone and flower cutters from Bukhara. From its origins, the Mughal Empire was characterized by the unification of diverse cultures under the same flag. Mughal Empire Our last empire, the Mughals, ruled over India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries. Babur moved into Afghanistan in 1504, and then moved on to India, apparently at the invitation of some Indian princes who wanted to dispose of their ruler. In the first half of the 10th century a Muslim ruler of Afghanistan invaded the Punjab 11 times, without much political success, but taking away a great deal of loot. Group of answer choices However, the Mughals took over India, a region where Hindu predominated as the main religion of all inhabitants. Taken from study.com, Mughal Dynasty, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2018. The area on the East coast and part of the Midwest is labeled United States. READ: Mughal Empire. The Mughal kings were considered the vice regent of God on the Earth. There was a market of high consumption. [3] Ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur turned to India to satisfy his ambitions. The Empire brought a number of new cultures to the inhabitants of the region, and the Hindus adopted aspects of Persian and Arab culture. In some cases, other tax systems applied. This title guaranteed the ability to cultivate, as long as the person paid due taxes to the government. Centralised government that brought together many smaller kingdoms, Delegated government with respect for human rights, Persian language mixed with Arabic and Hindi to create Urdu, A style of architecture (e.g. It never spread beyond his court and died when he did. Aurangzeb was a very observant and religious Muslim who ended the policy of religious tolerance followed by earlier emperors. BBC 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.
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