The sector employed around 4.5 million skilled and semi-skilled workers across India in 2015. Topic Wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains 1994 2018, When preparing for IAS Mains, aspirants must focus on. The per capita income of the state increased by 6.26% from 25,959 (US$330) (200405) to 42,186 (US$530) (2012-13).. Note: Although the 15th Finance Commission recommended the same criteria for 2020-21 and 2021-26 periods, the reference period for computation on some underlying indicators are different. [523] There have been large gaps noted between official death figures and the sudden increase in the number of bodies being cremated and buried. We should introduce a tiered system whereby the top research-focused universities, which promise to compete globally, are given full autonomy and promised additional resources based on significant improvements over time. At the institutional level, an independent organisation will be created to develop and maintain the repository of all coal related geological information in the country. Government expenditure on public health should be increased significantly to cover screenings for the entire population, active case detection and disease surveillance including from the private sector. [130] The government aimed to double the capacity of ventilators by June 2020,[131] with the assistance from Indian PSUs, firms and startups, including Bharat Electronics, DRDO and ISRO. Set up 40 Food Testing Laboratories to Ensure Safety of Products. Effective convergence is at the core of the cluster development approach outlined in the Mission guidelines. Therefore, it is critical that state governments actively participate in bringing about the requisite changes. With respect to school education, skill training, sports and extra-curricular activities should be introduced as a mandatory part of the curriculum for at least three days a week. Set up by the Prime Minister's Office; until 3 May 2021, 23 meetings of the VTF have been held. Sources: Uttar Pradesh Budget Documents 2021-22; PRS. Enable access to markets for traditional handicrafts producers. The COVID-19 pandemic in India is a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2). Land being a purely state subject, thus, land leasing requires amending existing state-level tenancy laws or based on model Land Leasing Law of NITI aayog, as done by Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The economy of India is a middle income developing market economy. Next day, Gujarat officially counted 55 deaths, including 20 from Ahmedabad. Whereas, in 2015 China reported use of 308 grams coal per kWh. An effective partnership between the government and the NGOs can help in governance of the social sector schemes, as the voluntary sector can help significantly in filing the gap in the capability of the government to deliver its social welfare programmes to the targeted beneficiaries. [34] On 2 May, around 4,000 stranded pilgrims returned from Hazur Sahib in Nanded, Maharashtra to Punjab. [356][357], The fourth phase of Vande Bharat Mission will start on 3 July. "[437], On 21 May 2021, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology ordered social media outlets to remove all content that "names, refers to, or implies [an] 'Indian variant' of coronavirus", under the justification that it is misinformation because the World Health Organization does not officially recognise or use the term in relation to Lineage B.1.617. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of 162,975 km 2 (62,925 sq mi) and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. Thus far, AYUSH facilities have been co-located in 37% of PHCs, 50% of CHCs and 63% of district hospitals. The off-grid target of 40 GW of solar energy by 2022 may be apportioned between residential, commercial, industrial and agricultural sectors with a target of achieving 20 GW capacity by 2019-20. (2011), Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality. (2018), Resource management in the Indian context. Govt should Increase connectivity, especially in Rural India and with Ports by expanding the road network. Jammu and Kashmirs handicraft industry is fast gaining prominence in the global markets and should be looked as being developed as an industrial cluster. Similar disparities in numbers were seen on other days. Despite significant acceleration in economic growth, labour market outcomes for men far outweigh those for women. A critical element in Chinas development strategy was the creation of very large Special Economic Zones. Since the approval of the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) in 2006, e-Governance has evolved from the digitization of government records to the efficient, transparent and reliable delivery of government services using Information Technology. (2010), The modern doctor and his patients. Lowering the customs duty on gold would help reduce the volume of gold that is smuggled and thereby reduce the potential for illegal transactions. By 2032, India wants to increase the nuclear power capacity from 5.8 GW to 63 GW. Lower duties on key inputs of final electronics products. The last tier of the universities, whose primary function would be to ensure that higher education is available to all who want it would be the most regulated one. Explore the feasibility of logistics parks and expedite the completion of these parks. The outstanding debt is estimated to decrease from 30.2% in 2018-19 to 29.2% in 2021-22. NEP 2020 insisted on the expenditure of 6% of the GDP on education. Rs 1,137 crore has been allocated to Madhya Ganga Canal project and Rs 976 crore towards Rajghat Canal project. [455][456] Many religious institutions adapted and connected to their devotees via livestreaming, radio and television. It is the world's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and the third-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). Successful pilot projects e.g. The COVID-19 pandemic in India is a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).As of 4 November 2022, according to Indian government figures, India has the second-highest number of confirmed cases in the world (after the United States of America) with 44,658,365 reported India has the potential to increase its GDP substantially simply by enabling womens participation in the labour force on par with men. (2014). The Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) receiving capacity should be doubled by 2022, by facilitating evacuation and marketing of LNG. 1,500 per tonne on solid waste management. (2016), Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. F. Build the Capacity of Lending Institutions, G. Resolve the Bank Non-performing Asset (NPAs) Issue, H. Operationalize the National Investment Infrastructure Fund (NIIF). Reformed APMC acts should fully empower farmers to sell their produce to whomsoever they wish. US. These UPSC Notes on GDP of India with the UPSC Syllabus and aspirants should prepare this topic for General Studies Paper III. AffairsCloud YouTube Channel - Click Here. However, the tax slabs corresponding to the lowest tax rate should be expanded to ensure that the tax liability of lower income individuals does not increase suddenly with the growth in their nominal incomes. In 2020-21, receipts (other than borrowings) are estimated to reduce by 27% from budget to revised stage. [449][448] Healthcare workers followed by frontline workers in India were provided with covid vaccinations first, starting from 16 January 2021. Early screening must be promoted so that diseases can be prevented or treated at an early stage. Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) should work collaboratively to fully implement the key objectives of the policy which include: Speeding up decision-making on corruption cases. All states were allowed to increase their fiscal deficit up to 4% of GSDP. Thus, emphasis should be given to the provision of collective transportation facilities (not limited to cycles). Negative values indicate deficit and positive values indicate surplus. Bank Sakhis could be scaled up to improve the integration of female bank agents into the community. Reorient the role of IIFCL. Relevant Ministries related to other key sectors such as Healthcare, Education, Waste Disposal and Storage should also draft appropriate PPP policies, including standard documentation, by 2020. Second, 100% metering, indexing and real time monitoring of all 11 KV feeders must be achieved for all electricity consumers and feeders. [167], India started out with a vaccination policy targeting 300 million people based on occupation and age group, to be completed a time period of six months, by August 2021. In the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977, the term "sustainable agriculture" is defined as an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will, over the long term: . Large parts of the country remain under-banked or unbanked and a large pool of money remains outside the formal banking system. Currently, out of the 194 districts with high levels of child under-nutrition, there are only 11 districts where three major nutrition programs are running concurrently. However, updated findings by NITI Aayog based on NFHS-4 (201516), 37.79% of the These include creating barriers to entry, price regulation, restricting competitive conduct such as agreements, vertical integration and advertisement. To enhance transport connectivity with neighbouring countries through various modes, we should work on streamlining standards, technologies and improving the transportation infrastructure. Become a Eurogamer subscriber and get your first month for 1. Over the next three years, every Anganwadi Centre needs to be digitized. The budget explains the income and expense of a nation. But hours before the boarding they were informed that they are not allowed to board the flight due to some approval issues with South Korea. The COVID-19 pandemic in India is a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).As of 4 November 2022, according to Indian government figures, India has the second-highest number of confirmed cases in the world (after the United States of America) with 44,658,365 reported A portion of these grants will be conditional. It is ironic that in a country with wide scope for growing wood as a renewable resource, we import wood for our furniture industry. To ensure take-up of the proposed services, we need to make sure that citizens are able to navigate them easily. [193] The Delhi government announced that if a doctor, nurse or hygiene worker dies during treatment, their family will be provided 10 million (US$130,000). Because urea is heavily subsidized in India, on average, there has been a tendency to overuse it. No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. [518], Undercounting of total cases and death figures was reported during the first wave in 2020. [338] Unlike previous evacuations, passengers have to pay for their journey, with fares ranging from 15,000 (US$190) for the Gulf states to 100,000 (US$1,300) for the United States. (2017), Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. This is primarily because of lower projected value of revenues from the telecom sector, which includes revenues from auction of spectrum. The action Agenda focuses on tourism, financial services and real estate. This window of opportunity is also a challenge. (2018), Attitude makes habit, habit makes character and character makes a man. [129], India was estimated to have approximately 40,000 ventilators in March 2020, of which 8,432 were with the public sector. On 12 March, a 76-year-old man, with a travel history to Saudi Arabia, became the first COVID-19 fatality of India. A portal should be created and a database of all the facilities made available by the participants should be maintained. According to Planning Commission estimates for the year 201112, 29.4% of the state's total population was poor. Further, the presence of a residential school should be ensured in every district that has a large population of OBCs on an urgent basis. satisfy human food and fiber needs; enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the The PMs New 15 Point Programme (15 PP) has replicated certain features of the Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP) and the Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) in allocating a share of fund flows to minorities. This also included direct cash transfer, primarily for migrant labourers and daily wage labourers; and free gas cylinders for three months. The demonetization would result in disclosure there would be a significant one-time increase in the direct tax revenues for 2017-18. [474][475] On 19 March, the Government of India announced that no international flights will be allowed to land in India from 22 March. Air India will commence phase 4 on 4 July. The Commission observed that the recommended path for fiscal deficit for the centre and states will result in a reduction of total liabilities of: (i) the centre from 62.9% of GDP in 2020-21 to 56.6% in 2025-26, and (ii) the states on aggregate from 33.1% of GDP in 2020-21 to 32.5% by 2025-26. Andhra Pradesh (English: / n d r p r d /, Telugu: [ndr prde] abbr. In this section, we describe a set of complementary actions that can make some of the on-going programmes more effective. over 740 million people in India, live in rural areas. [210][197] A number of cities and states announced that they would restrict public gatherings, dine-in restaurants, or order the closure of various non-essential businesses through 31 March to slow the spread of COVID-19. In Andhra Pradesh, the state government has exercised this option on its own and has already connected all Gram Panchayats. The Indian Government has demonstrated its commitment in intellectual property regime by launching the National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy in 2016. India had the second largest road network in the world with over 4.24 million km of roads in 2013-14, consisting of National Highways, Expressways, State Highways, major district roads, other district roads and village roads. A centralized system for granting entrepreneur visas based on set criteria including novelty in technology, sector, job creation potential and ease of dissemination of the product/service among others should be set up. The graphs below compare Uttar Pradeshs expenditure on six key sectors as a proportion of its total expenditure on all sectors. More importantly, it would spread price incentives to producers in all the regions and all the crops considered important for providing price support. Muslims constitute the largest religious minority and lag behind others in terms of economic, health and education parameters. This was India's first evacuation flight. This comprises spending on salaries (35% of revenue receipts), pension (16%), and interest payments (10%). It is in this context that India must replicate the Chinese strategy by creating two Coastal Employment Zones (CEZs), one on the east coast and the other on the west coast. Ministries should focus on: The energy sector is fundamental to growth and development. The data should be fed into a centralized database. Key Components of States Own Tax Revenue. [310], India has conducted several large-scale evacuations in modern times, particularly in the Middle East where there is a high concentration of Indians and several conflicts in recent history. There is clearly need for a modern tenancy law, which would give full freedom to tenant and owner to negotiate the rent and the length of the lease. Read about G20 for UPSC 2022. India has significant experience with private sector participation in infrastructure which traces its roots back to the liberalisation era in the early 1990s. B. Nominal GDP of the state for the year 2022-23 is Rs. [81], By March, India had just 22,487 cases across the country. (2009), Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for the majority of farmers in India. In the year 2013-14, the tertiary sector emerged as the largest producing sector in India, replacing the primary sector. (2012), Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? With growth in industry and services, cities expand geographically and absorb the adjacent villages. ULBs spend about Rs. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), the focus should be on monitoring and improving the quality of placements. Track and support state level improvement through a School Education Quality Index (SEQI). High land prices translate into high property cost and therefore low rental yields. At this stage, it is best for us to let mobile phone manufacturing flourish and not be handicapped by tariffs on its components. The on-line MIS application being developed with support from the Ministry of Tribal Affairs-UNDP project will enable monitoring of fund allocation and utilization. India's largest stock exchange Bombay Stock Exchange, (2014), Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. This presents a constraint due to the inherent limits in the financial capacity of domestic lenders. After the extension of the e-visa, the number of tourists that arrived between January and July 2016 increased by 266 %. For example, some states can provide direct cash transfers, based on soft conditions to address malnutrition. This phenomenon of urban sprawl has been observed in nearly all of the major cities in India. First, it should be such that it raises the requisite revenue while minimizing evasion and distortion in the economy. In some states, this figure is below 25%. Its high employment potential stems from its large number of forward and backward linkages through demand in input sectors and real estate services. Incentives could be provided for opening of accounts by women in which money is set aside for specific purposes e.g. Since the GST system will expand the tax base, we should be able to lower the tax rates without loss of revenue. Not each and every person in the world will be vaccinated. India currently has 12 major and 205 non-major ports located across about 7,500 km of coast. Table1: Budget 2021-22 - Key figures (in Rs crore), Annualised Change (2019-20 to 2021-22 BE). Some states were reported to have not added suspected cases to the final count contrary to WHO guidelines. In order to mitigate the generation of black money, the loopholes need to be plugged. (2017), A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. In India, the task of measuring GDP is undertaken by a central government ministry. [164] The overall response has been led by the Prime Minister and his office; at least 67 review meetings have been held by it between January 2020 and May 2021. [72] This reflected a policy shift in India; comparable aid offers had been rejected during the past sixteen years. Health-care workers include "Health-care providers and workers in the health-care setting (public and private), including Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) workers. The transport sector remains highly dependent on conventional sources of energy. Expand the current use of Hybrid Annuity Model and the Operation & Maintenance Models in the Highway sector wherever feasible, to provide an impetus to private participation in highway construction in low traffic area, Reorient the Model Concession Agreement (MCA) on the basis of models followed in some minor ports in Gujarat, Streamlining the PPP processes for faster execution of projects, Designing viable business models where private investments are constrained due to lack of clarity in revenue streams, Consider implementation of initiatives like VGF in their respective sectors. [300] A number of problems were found with the forecasting and modelling by the National COVID-19 Supermodel Committee by independent commentators. [297] In April 2020, the health ministry asked states to go on a hiring spree and fill vacancies for epidemiologists. [132] This led to the creation of some of the world's smallest and cheapest ventilators. In addition, the OMCs should be encouraged to procure crude efficiently to reduce the price of crude imports by leveraging the large crude buying power of India. Figure1: Growth in GSDP and sectors in Uttar Pradesh at constant prices (2011-12). Competition neutrality between government-owned and privately owned enterprises: Creating level playing conditions for competition between government-owned and privately owned enterprises. The monitoring mechanism should be strengthened by the introduction of geo-tagged photographs of house construction as well as compulsory social audits. [414] States across the country postponed or cancelled school examinations; younger students were either automatically promoted or promoted based on prior performance. (2012), Is the colonial mentality hindering Indias success? Note: These numbers are as per constant prices (2011-12) which implies that the growth rate is adjusted for inflation. The organized sector, which exhibits high productivity and pays higher wages, employs only a tiny proportion of the workforce. Table4: Committed expenditure in 2021-22 (in Rs crore), Table5: Break up of state government receipts (in Rs crore). The OECD indictor for product market regulations finds that with the exception of Argentina, India has the least competition friendly regulations amongst all OECD and non-OECD countries covered. The issue of simultaneous exploitation of all hydrocarbons should also be resolved for the existing contractors/licensees. [15][6] Experts stated that the virus may reach an endemic stage in India rather than completely disappear;[16] in late August 2021, Soumya Swaminathan said India may be in some stage of endemicity where the country learns to live with the virus. Over the three-year period, around 4,80,000 Scholarships/Fellowships (fresh & renewals) should be awarded to students with disability. Hi Proximate factors that have held back Indias progress in S&T include: Over the next three years, we should direct our S&T efforts to creating a supporting environment for innovation and development and focus on priority sectors. Background of Indias GDP. Become a Eurogamer subscriber and get your first month for 1. Sustained high levels of performance can only be achieved if performance is objectively measured with high performance rewarded and poor performance reprimanded. The evacuees brought to, 131 students and 103 pilgrims, among others, were evacuated from, 52 students and 1 teacher were evacuated by Air India and were then quarantined at an Army Wellness Centre in, After preliminary screening, they were quarantined at Army Wellness Centre. We should create a digital friendly environment for financial services including payments, credit and remittances. Fiscal deficit: It is the excess of total expenditure over total receipts. The Constitution recognizes that SCs have suffered social, educational and economic deprivation historically. [42][43] However, by early-April 2021, a major second wave of infections took hold in the country with destructive consequences;[44] on 9 April, India surpassed 1 million active cases,[45] and by 12 April, India overtook Brazil as having the second-most COVID-19 cases worldwide. We should solicit feedback on foreign travellers experiences during the application process. An existing law for data protection, section 43(A) of the Information Technology Act (ITA), offers basic protection. (2016), Social media is inherently a selfish medium. [48], Multiple factors have been proposed to have potentially contributed to the sudden spike in cases, including highly-infectious variants of concern such as Lineage B.1.617,[49][50] a lack of preparations as temporary hospitals were often dismantled after cases started to decline, and new facilities were not built,[51][52] and health and safety precautions being poorly-implemented or enforced during weddings,[53] festivals (such as Holi on 29 March,[54][55] and the Haridwar Kumbh Mela which was linked to linked to at least 1,700 positive cases between 10 and 14 April including cases in Hindu seers),[56][57] sporting events (such as IPL[58]), state and local elections in which politicians and activists have held in several states,[59] and in public places. The role of NSDC needs to be delineated better. All passengers were quarantined in, This was the third evacuation flight sent by India to, This flight mostly had crew members of the. Shifts in the consumption pattern (more intake of fruits and vegetables, milk, eggs, chicken and fisheries along with forestry also constitute important alternative high-value products) with rising incomes and vast export markets for many of these products offer an important avenue to enhancing productivity, wages and incomes. (2015), Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. The majority of the domestic oil production is located at the western offshore fields, out which 40% is accounted by the Mumbai High Basin, In 2013, oil production in India at 1 million barrels per day (mmbd) was considerably below the demand of 3.7 mmbd. Sinking funds are maintained by states as a buffer to spread out the repayment of their liabilities. Uttar Pradesh (/ t r p r d /; Hindi: [t pde ] (), lit. The government has an important role to play in promoting gender equality by ensuring equality of opportunity in public service. Interfaces may not be available in vernacular languages. This is lower than the average allocation (15.8%) for education by all states (2020-21 BE). To the extent feasible without violating our WTO obligations, we should unify all custom duties at 7%. Download UPSC Mains 2020 Essay Paper from the linked article. The graphs below compare Uttar Pradeshs expenditure on six key sectors as a proportion of its total expenditure on all sectors. In turn, this would require commissioning the 600 MW Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR). Significant dilution in important terms of the standard bidding documents, over engineering of project design, aggressive bidding by project developers, financing issues, especially bank funding as well as lack of equity funding led to a series of stalled projects, lack of investor interest and overall slowdown in roll out of PPP projects. Widespread use of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) as an effective tool for sustainable management of the coast should be encouraged. A top priority for the next three years is ironing out the transit treaties and the development of physical infrastructure between the NER and neighbouring countries. Eco-tourism, handicrafts and culture based products could provide for alternative means of livelihood in cold desert.